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      Unique transcriptional profile of liver-resident memory CD8 + T cells induced by immunization with malaria sporozoites

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          Abstract

          Sterile immunity against live Plasmodium infection can be achieved by immunization with radiation attenuated sporozoites. This protection is known to be mediated in part by antigen-specific memory CD8 + T cells, presumably those residing in the liver. We characterized and compared the transcriptional profile of parasite-specific memory CD8 + T cells residing in the liver and spleen after immunization of mice with irradiated sporozoites. Microarray-based expression analysis of these memory CD8 + T cells indicated that liver resident memory cells display a distinct gene expression profile. We found major differences in the expression of immune function genes as well as genes involved in the cell cycle, cell trafficking, transcription and intracellular signaling. Importantly, the malaria parasite-induced liver resident CD8 + T cells display a transcriptional profile different to that described for CD8 + T cells following other microbial challenges.

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          Promotion of lymphocyte egress into blood and lymph by distinct sources of sphingosine-1-phosphate.

          Rajita Pappu, Susan Schwab, Ivo Cornelissen … (2007)
          Lymphocytes require sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor-1 to exit lymphoid organs, but the source(s) of extracellular S1P and whether S1P directly promotes egress are unknown. By using mice in which the two kinases that generate S1P were conditionally ablated, we find that plasma S1P is mainly hematopoietic in origin, with erythrocytes a major contributor, whereas lymph S1P is from a distinct radiation-resistant source. Lymphocyte egress from thymus and secondary lymphoid organs was markedly reduced in kinase-deficient mice. Restoration of S1P to plasma rescued egress to blood but not lymph, and the rescue required lymphocyte expression of S1P-receptor-1. Thus, separate sources provide S1P to plasma and lymph to help lymphocytes exit the low-S1P environment of lymphoid organs. Disruption of compartmentalized S1P signaling is a plausible mechanism by which S1P-receptor-1 agonists function as immunosuppressives.
          Article 0 comments Cited 241 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Molecular and functional profiling of memory CD8 T cell differentiation.

            Susan Kaech, Scott Edwards Hemby, Ellen N. Kersh … (2002)
            How and when memory T cells form during an immune response are long-standing questions. To better understand memory CD8 T cell development, a time course of gene expression and functional changes in antigen-specific T cells during viral infection was evaluated. The expression of many genes continued to change after viral clearance in accordance with changes in CD8 T cell functional properties. Even though memory cell precursors were present at the peak of the immune response, these cells did not display hallmark functional traits of memory T cells. However, these cells gradually acquired the memory cell qualities of self-renewal and rapid recall to antigen suggesting the model that antigen-specific CD8 T cells progressively differentiate into memory cells following viral infection.
            Article 0 comments Cited 210 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Migration, maintenance and recall of memory T cells in peripheral tissues.

              David Woodland, Jacob E. Kohlmeier (2009)
              After the resolution of an immune response, antigen-specific memory T cells persist at many sites in the body. The antigen-specific memory T-cell pool includes memory T cells that preferentially reside in peripheral tissues, such as the skin, gut and lungs, where they provide a first line of defence against secondary pathogen infection. Determining how peripheral memory T cells are regulated is essential for our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and for vaccine development. In this Review, we discuss recent insights into the generation, control and recall of peripheral T-cell memory responses.
              Article 0 comments Cited 132 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-journal-id): 100953417
                Journal ID (pubmed-jr-id): 21482
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Genes Immun
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Genes Immun.
                Title: Genes and immunity
                ISSN (Print): 1466-4879
                ISSN (Electronic): 1476-5470
                Publication date Nihms-submitted: 4 April 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 April 2013
                Publication date (Print): July 2013
                Publication date PMC-release: 01 January 2014
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 302-309
                Affiliations
                [1 ]W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
                [2 ]Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
                Author notes
                Correspondence should be addressed to F.Z., Fidel Zavala, M.D., Professor, Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, Phones: 443 287 1769 (Office) 443 287 1768 (Lab), Fax: 410 955 0105, fzavala@ 123456jhsph.edu
                Article
                Manuscript ID: NIHMS458939
                DOI: 10.1038/gene.2013.20
                PMC ID: 3722257
                PubMed ID: 23594961
                SO-VID: 631e3db9-75fc-486c-bfb4-cdd7138a411e
                License:

                Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data- mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms

                History
                Funding
                Funded by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Extramural Activities : NIAID
                Award ID: R01 AI044375 || AI
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Keywords: cd8+ t cells,memory,malaria,liver-stage,sporozoites,plasmodium
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Genetics
                Keywords: cd8+ t cells, memory, malaria, liver-stage, sporozoites, plasmodium

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