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      Managing Diabetes in Pregnancy Using Cell Phone/Internet Technology

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          Abstract

          In Brief For pregnant women with diabetes, using cell phone/Internet technology to track and report self-monitoring of blood glucose results improves compliance and satisfaction compared to using the more traditional methods of log books, telephone calls, and voicemail messages.

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          Most cited references17

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          Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

          Marie Ng, Tom Fleming, Margaret W. Robinson … (2015)
          In 2010, overweight and obesity were estimated to cause 3·4 million deaths, 3·9% of years of life lost, and 3·8% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) worldwide. The rise in obesity has led to widespread calls for regular monitoring of changes in overweight and obesity prevalence in all populations. Comparable, up-to-date information about levels and trends is essential to quantify population health effects and to prompt decision makers to prioritise action. We estimate the global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013. We systematically identified surveys, reports, and published studies (n=1769) that included data for height and weight, both through physical measurements and self-reports. We used mixed effects linear regression to correct for bias in self-reports. We obtained data for prevalence of obesity and overweight by age, sex, country, and year (n=19,244) with a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Worldwide, the proportion of adults with a body-mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m(2) or greater increased between 1980 and 2013 from 28·8% (95% UI 28·4-29·3) to 36·9% (36·3-37·4) in men, and from 29·8% (29·3-30·2) to 38·0% (37·5-38·5) in women. Prevalence has increased substantially in children and adolescents in developed countries; 23·8% (22·9-24·7) of boys and 22·6% (21·7-23·6) of girls were overweight or obese in 2013. The prevalence of overweight and obesity has also increased in children and adolescents in developing countries, from 8·1% (7·7-8·6) to 12·9% (12·3-13·5) in 2013 for boys and from 8·4% (8·1-8·8) to 13·4% (13·0-13·9) in girls. In adults, estimated prevalence of obesity exceeded 50% in men in Tonga and in women in Kuwait, Kiribati, Federated States of Micronesia, Libya, Qatar, Tonga, and Samoa. Since 2006, the increase in adult obesity in developed countries has slowed down. Because of the established health risks and substantial increases in prevalence, obesity has become a major global health challenge. Not only is obesity increasing, but no national success stories have been reported in the past 33 years. Urgent global action and leadership is needed to help countries to more effectively intervene. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            Practice Bulletin No. 137: Gestational diabetes mellitus.

            (2013)
            Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. Debate continues to surround both the diagnosis and treatment of GDM despite several recent large-scale studies addressing these issues. The purpose of this document is to 1) provide a brief overview of the understanding of GDM, 2) provide management guidelines that have been validated by appropriately conducted clinical research, and 3) identify gaps in current knowledge toward which future research can be directed.
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              Gestational diabetes: the consequences of not treating.

              Elly M J Xenakis, Yariv Yogev, Orli Most … (2005)
              Untreated gestational diabetes mellitus carries significant risks of perinatal morbidity at all severity levels; treatment will enhance outcome. A matched control of 555 gravidas, gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed after 37 weeks, were compared with 1110 subjects treated for gestational diabetes mellitus and 1110 nondiabetic subjects matched from the same delivery year for obesity, parity, ethnicity, and gestational age at delivery. The nondiabetic subjects and those not treated for gestational diabetes mellitus were matched for prenatal visits. A composite adverse outcome was 59% for untreated, 18% for treated, and 11% for nondiabetic subjects. A 2- to 4-fold increase in metabolic complications and macrosomia/large for gestational age was found in the untreated group with no difference between nondiabetic and treated subjects. Comparison of maternal size, parity, and disease severity revealed a 2- to 3-fold higher morbidity rate for the untreated groups, compared with the other groups. Untreated gestational diabetes mellitus carries significant risks for perinatal morbidity in all disease severity levels. Timely and effective treatment may substantially improve outcome.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Clin Diabetes
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Clin Diabetes
                Journal ID (hwp): diaclin
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Clinical Diabetes
                Title: Clinical Diabetes : A Publication of the American Diabetes Association
                Publisher: American Diabetes Association
                ISSN (Print): 0891-8929
                ISSN (Electronic): 1945-4953
                Publication date (Print): October 2015
                Volume: 33
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 169-174
                Affiliations
                [1 ]University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women’s Health, Honolulu, HI
                [2 ]Florida Center for Urogynecology, Hollywood, FL
                [3 ]Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
                [4 ]University of Utah Center for Public Policy and Administration, Salt Lake City, UT
                [5 ]Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA
                [6 ]First Physician’s Group, Sarasota, FL
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Marguerite Lisa Bartholomew, mbarthol@ 123456hawaii.edu
                Article
                Publisher ID: 169
                DOI: 10.2337/diaclin.33.4.169
                PMC ID: 4608275
                PubMed ID: 26487790
                SO-VID: 63a3ef17-77b2-4602-b894-a77c76910806
                Copyright © © 2015 by the American Diabetes Association.
                License:

                Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 for details.

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                Page count
                Pages: 6
                Categories
                Subject: Feature Articles

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