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      Modificación y evaluación de modelo biológico quirúrgico de enseñanza en extracción de lipomas en pregrado Translated title: Modification and evaluation of biological model of surgical teaching in extraction of lipomas in undergraduate

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          Abstract

          Resumen: Introducción: El uso de modelos biológicos en docencia quirúrgica permite desarrollar habilidades como la técnica de extracción de lipomas realizada en pata de cerdo. Existen referentes para evaluar dichas competencias como los de Anaya y Serrano. Objetivo: Evaluar con una adaptación del cuestionario de Anaya y Serrano la extracción de lipomas en pata de cerdo. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio prospectivo, transversal, experimental y analítico, dividido en tres módulos. El primero evaluó conocimientos teóricos. El segundo implicó una clase teórico-práctica y en el tercero se realizó una evaluación de habilidades técnico-quirúrgicas. Dicha evaluación se llevó a cabo a partir de un modelo modificado de Wulfrano y cols., utilizando un malvavisco cubierto con gasa y caramelo en una pata de cerdo. Esta evaluación se aplicó a 11 estudiantes de medicina de tercer año. Resultados: En el primer módulo 81.81% tenían los suficientes conocimientos del tema, en el segundo módulo 84.46% aprobaron y en el tercer módulo 90.90% logra la extracción del lipoma. Se hizo una prueba t de Student entre los grupos aprobados y con calificación insuficiente obteniendo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusión: Se aplicó el modelo de extracción de lipoma y se realizó un análisis estadístico de los resultados, concluyendo la viabilidad para evaluar al alumno.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: Introduction: The use of biological models in surgical training, allow the development of several skills such as lipoma extraction, technique developed in porcine paw. There are several tests to evaluate such skills, like the ones established by Anaya and Serrano. Objective: Evaluate, an adaptation of Anaya and Serrano tests in lipoma extraction in porcine paw. Material and methods: This is a prospective, transversal, experimental and analytic study. The evaluation was performed in three different modules. The first one, approach the theoretical knowledge, the second one was evaluated with a practical/theoretical class, and the final module was a modification of the test proposed by Wulfrano et al, using a marshmallow covered in fat as the biological model of the lipoma within the porcine paw. This innovative evaluation method was evaluated in 11 medicine students of third year. Results: In the first module 81.81% had sufficient knowledge on the subject, in the second one 84.46% approved, by the third module almost 90.90% achieved the lipoma extraction. A t-Student test was performed between approval and not sufficient groups, obtaining a statistical difference between both (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: It was possible to apply the innovative modification of the lipoma extraction test model and make a statistical analysis of the results, concluding its’ value.

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          Most cited references27

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          Management of foreign bodies in the skin.

          Although puncture wounds are common, retained foreign bodies are not. Wounds with a foreign body sensation should be evaluated. The presence of wood or vegetative material, graphite or other pigmenting materials, and pain is an indication for foreign body removal. Radiography may be used to locate foreign bodies for removal, and ultrasonography can be helpful for localizing radiolucent foreign bodies. It is wise to set a time limit for exploration and to have a plan for further evaluation or referral. Injuries at high risk of infection include organic foreign bodies or dirty wounds. These should be treated with plain water irrigation and complete removal of retained fragments. In most cases, antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated. If a patient presents with an infected wound, the possibility of a retained foreign body should be considered. Tetanus prophylaxis is necessary if there is no knowledge or documentation of tetanus immunization within 10 years, including tetanus immune globulin for the person with a dirty wound whose history of tetanus toxoid doses is unknown or incomplete.
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            Peripheral nerve lipoma: Case report of an intraneural lipoma of the median nerve and literature review

            Adipose lesions rarely affect the peripheral nerves. This can occur in two different ways: Direct compression by an extraneural lipoma, or by a lipoma originated from the adipose cells located inside the nerve. Since its first description, many terms have been used in the literature to mention intraneural lipomatous lesions. In this article, the authors report a case of a 62-year-old female who presented with an intraneural median nerve lipoma and review the literature concerning the classification of adipose lesions of the nerve, radiological diagnosis and treatment.
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              Giant Cardiac Lipoma: Refined Hypothesis Proposes Invagination from Extracardiac to Intracardiac Sites.

              Cardiac lipomas are rare and usually present as benign, encapsulated masses outside the heart; however, they can also be found within the atria. No single theory-including molecular genetic mutation-adequately explains why this occurs. Extensive career experience and broadened knowledge in embryology and cardiac physiology have helped us to develop a hypothesis based on invagination of extracardiac tumors. This report describes a vexing case of a giant right atrial lipoma, from 1985, in which the diagnosis was made incidentally during management of a patient's acute limb ischemia. In addition, we discuss the imaging and treatment of cardiac lipoma.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cg
                Cirujano general
                Cir. gen
                Asociación Mexicana de Cirugía General A.C. (México, DF, Mexico )
                1405-0099
                June 2018
                : 40
                : 2
                : 70-77
                Affiliations
                [1] San Luis Potosí orgnameUniversidad Cuauhtémoc orgdiv1Escuela de Medicina Mexico
                [2] San Luis Potosí orgnameInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social orgdiv1Hospital General de Zona 50 Mexico
                Article
                S1405-00992018000200070
                646115c1-e2d6-4cb7-b5f2-709359249456

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 March 2018
                : 22 February 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Teaching,evaluation,lipoma,surgery,undergraduate,enseñanza,evaluación,cirugía,pregrado

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