Electroluminescence from chirality-sorted (9,7)-semiconducting carbon
  nanotube devices

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Abstract

We have measured the electroluminescence and photoluminescence of (9,7) semiconducting carbon nanotube devices and demonstrate that the electroluminescence wavelength is determined by the nanotube's chiral index (n,m). The devices were fabricated on Si3N4 membranes by dielectrophoretic assembly of tubes from monochiral dispersion. Electrically driven (9,7) devices exhibit a single Lorentzian shaped emission peak at 825 nm in the visible part of the spectrum. The emission could be assigned to the excitonic E22 interband transition by comparison of the electroluminescence spectra with corresponding photoluminescence excitation maps. We show a linear dependence of the EL peak width on the electrical current, and provide evidence for the inertness of Si3N4 surfaces with respect to the nanotubes optical properties.

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Bright infrared emission from electrically induced excitons in carbon nanotubes.

Marcus Freitag, James Tsang, Jie Liu … (2005)

We used the high local electric fields at the junction between the suspended and supported parts of a single carbon nanotube molecule to produce unusually bright infrared emission under unipolar operation. Carriers were accelerated by band-bending at the suspension interface, and they created excitons that radiatively recombined. This excitation mechanism is approximately 1000 times more efficient than recombination of independently injected electrons and holes, and it results from weak electron-phonon scattering and strong electron-hole binding caused by one-dimensional confinement. The ensuing high excitation density allows us to observe emission from higher excited states not seen by photoexcitation. The excitation mechanism of these states was analyzed.

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Efficient narrow-band light emission from a single carbon nanotube p-n diode.

M Kinoshita, Vasili Perebeinos, Ageeth A Bol … (2009)

Electrically driven light emission from carbon nanotubes could be used in nanoscale lasers and single-photon sources, and has therefore been the focus of much research. However, high electric fields and currents have either been necessary for electroluminescence, or have been an undesired side effect, leading to high power requirements and low efficiencies. Furthermore, electroluminescent linewidths have been broad enough to obscure the contributions of individual optical transitions. Here, we report electrically induced light emission from individual carbon nanotube p-n diodes. A new level of control over electrical carrier injection is achieved, reducing power dissipation by a factor of up to 1,000, and resulting in zero threshold current, negligible self-heating and high carrier-to-photon conversion efficiencies. Moreover, the electroluminescent spectra are significantly narrower ( approximately 35 meV) than in previous studies, allowing the identification of emission from free and localized excitons.