Effects of single-dose intravenous phenylbutazone on experimentally induced, reversible lameness in the horse.

Abstract

The objective was to test the hypothesis that phenylbutazone (PBZ) alleviates lameness in an adjustable heart bar shoe model of equine foot pain. Eight Quarter Horse mares underwent 4-weekly treatments randomly: 0.9% saline placebo (SAL: 1 mL/45 kg body weight i.v.) with no lameness; SAL with lameness; PBZ (4.4 mg/kg body weight i.v.) with no lameness; and PBZ with lameness. Blinded heart rate (HR) and lameness score (LS) were assessed every 20 min for 2 h and then hourly through 9 h. At 1 h SAL or PBZ was administered. Jugular venous samples were obtained at hours 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 and were evaluated for packed cell volume (PCV), cortisol, and drug concentrations. Repeated measures anova and t-tests were used to identify PBZ effects at a significance level of P<0.05. PBZ-treated LS was lower 2-8 h post-treatment, and HR was lower from 2 through 6 h post-treatment (P<0.05). Phenylbutazone did not change PCV and had minimal effect on cortisol. Mean plasma PBZ and oxyphenbutazone concentrations 7 h after treatment were 7.2-7.5 and 1.6-1.9 microg/mL, respectively. It was concluded that PBZ was efficacious in alleviating lameness in this model. Cortisol and PCV were not discriminating enough to distinguish between PBZ-treated and SAL-treated trials.