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      Cambios en algunas variables hematológicas, en un grupo de mujeres mayores de 55 años, luego de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico Translated title: CHANGES IN SOME HEMATOLOGIC VARIABLES IN A GROUP OF WOMEN OLDER TAN 55 YEARS, AFTER A PROGRAM OF AEROBIC TRAINING

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          Abstract

          ESTA INVESTIGACIÓN FUE REALIZADA con el auspicio del Comité para el desarrollo de la investigación de la Universidad de Antioquia (CODI) e Indeportes Antioquia. Objetivo:determinar los cambios en algunas variables hematológicas luego de un programa de actividad física aeróbica, por un período de cuatro meses, en un grupo de mujeres sedentarias sanas mayores de 55 años. Método: se estudiaron 14 mujeres mayores de 55 años, sedentarias, sanas, a quienes se les realizó un programa de actividad física aeróbica tres días a la semana, durante cuatro meses consecutivos, con una intensidad entre el 60 y el 85% de la FCmax y una duración de 60 minutos. Antes y después del programa de actividad física se obtuvieron muestras de sangre para evaluar el comportamiento de la hemoglobina (Hb), el hematocrito (Hct), el recuento de glóbulos rojos, el volumen corpuscular medio (VCM), la hemoglobina corpuscular media (HCM) y la concentración de hemoglobina corpuscular media (CHCM); mediante una prueba máxima, se realizó la medición del consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2max). Resultados: se observó un incremento estadísticamente significativo de la Hb (p<0.01), el Hct (p<0.01), el VCM (p<0.001), la HCM (p<0.001) y el VO2max (p<0.05). No hubo cambio en el recuento de glóbulos rojos ni en la CHCM. Conclusión: un programa de actividad física regular, a intensidades entre el 60 y el 85% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima, en la población estudiada, incrementó los valores de la hemoglobina y del hematocrito, lo que sugiere que el entrenamiento aeróbico mejora el aporte de oxígeno hacia los tejidos.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: to evaluate changes in some hematologic variables after a four-month program of aerobic physical activity, in a group of healthy women, older than 55 years. Methods: 14 healthy sedentary women, older than 55 years were studied; they participated in a program of aerobic physical activity, three times per week, during four months, with an intensity between 60-85% of the maximal heart rate and with 60 minutes of duration per session. Before and after the program blood specimens were obtained to evaluate changes of hemoglobin, hematocrite, red blood cells count, average corpuscular volume, average corpuscular hemoglobin, and average concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin; by means of a maximal test in treadmill the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was determined. Results: significant increase was found in hemoglobin (p<0.01), hematocrite (p<0.001), average corpuscular volume (p<0.001), average corpuscular hemoglobin (p<0.01) and VO2max (p<0.05). There were no changes in red blood cell count and average concentration of corpuscular hemoglobin. Conclusion: in the studied group, a program of regular physical activity, with an intensity between 60-85% of the maximal heart rate, increased hemoglobin and hematocrite. This results suggest that aerobic training increases the transport of oxygen to tissues.

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          Most cited references20

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          Fisiología médica

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            Erythrocytic system under the influence of physical exercise and training.

            Z. Szygula (1990)
            It is obvious that physical performance, endurance capacity and resistance to fatigue in humans are dependent upon many different factors. One factor, the oxygen carrying capacity of blood, seems to be of particular importance. This factor is mainly determined by haemoglobin concentration, number of circulating erythrocytes and the efficiency of their functions. A single bout of physical effort and, even more, repeated exercise may change the morphological indices of blood and influence the erythropoietic processes in the bone marrow. That is why there is so great an interest now attached to the effects of physical exercise on the erythrocytic system. Although in recent years many papers have been published on the subjects their findings pertaining to the effects of single bouts of exercise and systematic training on the erythrocytic system are often contradictory. The haematological parameters in some top-class athletes, particularly those performing in endurance disciplines are lowered at rest. Anaemia has been described in sportsmen, even among the members of Olympic teams. This type of anaemia has been called 'sports anaemia', 'athletes' anaemia' or 'postexercise anaemia' in order to emphasise its character. Among many possible causes which may bring about the development of sports anaemia the most commonly recognised are: postexercise plasma expansion, intensified haemolysis during physical efforts, iron deficiency, losses of erythrocytes by the way of bleeding into the digestive and urinary systems and also some disturbances in erythropoiesis. However, there is evidence of the intensification of erythropoiesis by many factors occurring during physical exercise.
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              Training induced effects on blood volume, erythrocyte turnover and haemoglobin oxygen binding properties

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                iat
                Iatreia
                Iatreia
                Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín )
                0121-0793
                December 2003
                : 16
                : 4
                : 283-290
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad de Antioquia Colombia
                [2 ] Universidad de Antioquia Colombia
                Article
                S0121-07932003000400003
                65316a51-3659-4533-8235-8c07c2e84f47

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0121-0793&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                HEMOGLOBIN,HEMATOCRIT,E MAXIMAL OXIGEN UPTAKE,AEROBIC TRAINNING,HEMOGLOBINA,HEMATOCRITO,CONSUMO MÁXIMO DE OXÍGENO,ENTRENAMIENTO AERÓBICO

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