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      Efectos en el afrontamiento y soporte social ante la revelación de la homosexualidad a la familia: estudio comparativo en gais y lesbianas Translated title: Effects on coping and social support before the revelation of homosexuality to the family: a comparative study in gays and lesbians

      research-article
      Psicogente
      Universidad Simón Bolívar
      gay, lesbiana, revelación, familia, afrontamiento, soporte social, gay, lesbian, revelation, family, coping, social support

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: El presente trabajo es resultado de una investigación que se realizó en las ciudades de Monclova y Saltillo en el estado de Coahuila, México, con el objetivo de indagar acerca de la autopercepción que tienen gais y lesbianas respecto de los efectos en su afrontamiento y del soporte social después de haber revelado su homosexualidad a la familia. Método: Para medir las variables de estudio se empleó la Batería de Evaluación Psicosocial de Sucesos Vital (Cantú y Álvarez, 2009; 2013), la cual se aplicó a 30 sujetos: 15 gais y 15 lesbianas. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y comparando ambos grupos respecto a cada variable, a través de la prueba T de Student. Resultados: Respecto al afrontamiento y al soporte social no se encuentra diferencia significativa, mostrando ambos grupos estrategias de afrontamiento para resolver problemas. En cuanto al soporte social se encontraron diferencias significativas en dos ítems: “obtuve apoyo emocional de familiares que no viven en casa”, y “tuve ayuda económica o de información de mi pareja en relación a la situación”, y tanto lesbianas como gais encuentran mayor soporte social en amistades. Conclusiones: Hombres y mujeres tienen una consideración negativa de la homosexualidad, incluso aquellos que se reconocen como homosexuales; además, tanto gais como lesbianas encuentran mayor soporte fuera de la familia y concretamente en amistades. Por ello, en un inicio la revelación de la propia homosexualidad no suelen hacerla a la familia. Resulta necesario un proceso de reorganización del individuo, así como de la familia y del grupo social a fin de modificar la consideración negativa a priori dominante acerca de la homosexualidad.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: This paper is the result of a research whose purpose is related to gays and lesbian’s self-perception and their coping effects and social support after having revealed their homosexuality to their families. Method: Variables such as Psychosocial Assessment of Vital Events Battery (Cantú y Álvarez, 2009; 2013) was used to measure these variables. 30 individuals were sampled as follows: 15 gays and 15 lesbians. The data analysis was descriptive, where both groups for each variable were compared; Student’s T test was used. Results: In relation with gays and lesbians’ coping support, there is no significant differences, in the manner that show coping strategies to solve a situation which they consider a problem; also, in relation with social support, significant differences were found, both lesbians and gays find greater social support in friendships but not from their family, as follows : they got emotional support from family members who do not live with them; and they got financial aid and information help from their couples. Conclusions: Men and women have a negative opinion related to homosexuality, even those who are recognized as homosexual individual; both gays and lesbians receive more support from people outside the family that means friends. It is necessary to modify the negative and a priori concept of homo-sexuality considered by the society, that is why an individual, family and social group’s re-organization process is required.

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          Most cited references32

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          Family acceptance in adolescence and the health of LGBT young adults.

          the role of family acceptance as a protective factor for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adolescents and young adults has not been established. a quantitative measure with items derived from prior qualitative work retrospectively assessed family accepting behaviors in response to LGBT adolescents' sexual orientation and gender expression and their relationship to mental health, substance abuse, and sexual risk in young adults (N= 245). family acceptance predicts greater self-esteem, social support, and general health status; it also protects against depression, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation and behaviors. family acceptance of LGBT adolescents is associated with positive young adult mental and physical health. Interventions that promote parental and caregiver acceptance of LGBT adolescents are needed to reduce health disparities.
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            El muestreo en investigación cualitativa: principios básicos y algunas controversias

            En este trabajo se presentan los fundamentos de la elección de los participantes en una investigación cualitativa, en contraste con los que rigen al muestreo probabilístico en la investigación epidemiológica. Se proponen los conceptos de generalizabilidad nomotética e ideográfica, y los de transferibilidad y reflexividad, para una mejor comprensión de las diferencias. Se mencionan los fundamentos de los principales tipos de muestreo que suelen utilizarse en investigación cualitativa, el significado del concepto de saturación y algunos de sus cuestionamientos. Por último, se plantean algunas reflexiones en torno a las controversias suscitadas en los últimos años sobre las diversas perspectivas paradigmáticas desde las cuales se puede efectuar hoy día la investigación cualitativa, sus posibilidades de combinación con la investigación epidemiológica, y algunas implicaciones para el estudio de los problemas de salud.
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              Disclosure of sexual orientation and subsequent substance use and abuse among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: critical role of disclosure reactions.

              Research on whether disclosure of sexual orientation promotes lower substance use among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals has been inconsistent. One reason for this may be that disclosure results in accepting and rejecting reactions. The current report longitudinally examines whether the types of reactions to disclosure are associated with substance use and abuse among 156 LGB youths (ages 14-21). Neither the number of disclosures nor the numbers of accepting or neutral disclosure reactions were associated with substance use or abuse. However, the number of rejecting reactions to disclosure was associated with current and subsequent alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use, even after controlling for demographic factors, social desirability, and emotional distress. Further, accepting reactions were found to moderate or protect youths from the negative role of rejecting reactions on alcohol use, but not other substances. This research indicates that, rather than disclosure per se, it is the number of accepting and rejecting reactions in response to disclosure that are critical to understanding substance use among LGB youths. Further, the results suggest that to be maximally effective, substance use prevention and treatment efforts should address rejecting reactions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved).
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                psico
                Psicogente
                Psicogente
                Universidad Simón Bolívar (Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia )
                0124-0137
                December 2018
                : 21
                : 40
                : 321-336
                Affiliations
                [1] Saltillo orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Coahuila Mexico beslterapia@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S0124-01372018000200321
                10.17081/psico.21.40.3077
                65e549fd-223d-4c53-af33-d08cbab86988

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 March 2017
                : 18 September 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 16
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                gay,lesbiana,revelación,familia,afrontamiento,soporte social,lesbian,revelation,family,coping,social support

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