Recent Advances in Vaccine Technologies

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Abstract

This brief review discusses some recent advances in vaccine technologies with particular reference to their application within veterinary medicine. It highlights some of the key inactivated/killed approaches to vaccination, including natural split-product and subunit vaccines, recombinant subunit and protein vaccines, and peptide vaccines. It also covers live/attenuated vaccine strategies, including modified live marker/differentiating infected from vaccinated animals vaccines, live vector vaccines, and nucleic acid vaccines.

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Most cited references 43

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Protection against foot-and-mouth disease by immunization with a chemically synthesized peptide predicted from the viral nucleotide sequence.

Thomas Shinnick, Thomas R Lerner, William H. Alexander … (1982)

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Iscom, a novel structure for antigenic presentation of membrane proteins from enveloped viruses.

B Morein, B Sundquist, S Höglund … (2015)

We describe here a novel type of immunostimulating complex, called 'iscom', in which virus membrane proteins are presented in a multimeric form. The matrix of the iscom is the glycoside Quil A (Spikoside; Iscotec AB), extracted from the bark of Quillaja saponaria Molina, which forms micelles at the critical micellar concentration of 0.03%. In micelle form, Quil A probably has regions accessible for hydrophobic interaction with the membrane proteins so that it can form complexes with them. Iscoms have been prepared with membrane proteins of para-influenza-3 (PI-3), measles and rabies viruses, and their immunizing potency tested in animals. In these experiments, iscoms prove to be at least 10 times more potent than micelles formed by aggregation of the membrane proteins alone. Iscoms of PI-3 and measles viruses also stimulate the formation of antibody to the fusion (F) protein, which is considered to be poorly immunogenic. No side effects of iscoms or of protein micelles have been observed.

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Plant-based vaccines for animals and humans: recent advances in technology and clinical trials.

Natsumi Takeyama, Hiroshi Kiyono, Yoshikazu Yuki (2015)

It has been about 30 years since the first plant engineering technology was established. Although the concept of plant-based pharmaceuticals or vaccines motivates us to develop practicable commercial products using plant engineering, there are some difficulties in reaching the final goal: to manufacture an approved product. At present, the only plant-made vaccine approved by the United States Department of Agriculture is a Newcastle disease vaccine for poultry that is produced in suspension-cultured tobacco cells. The progress toward commercialization of plant-based vaccines takes much effort and time, but several candidate vaccines for use in humans and animals are in clinical trials. This review discusses plant engineering technologies and regulations relevant to the development of plant-based vaccines and provides an overview of human and animal vaccines currently under clinical trials.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Michael James Francis

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract

Title: The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice

Publisher: Elsevier Inc.

ISSN (Print): 0195-5616

ISSN (Electronic): 1878-1306

Publication date PMC-release: 6 December 2017

Publication date (Print): March 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 6 December 2017

Volume: 48

Issue: 2

Pages: 231-241

Affiliations

[1]BioVacc Consulting Ltd, The Red House, 10 Market Square, Amersham, Buckinghamshire HP7 0DQ, UK

Article

Publisher ID: S0195-5616(17)30119-5

DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2017.10.002

PMC ID: 7132473

PubMed ID: 29217317

SO-VID: 65ec5e31-d4d3-425e-856f-af771b1ea6b3

License:

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

Recent Advances in Vaccine Technologies

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Abstract

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Microbiology Independent Research Journal (MIR Journal)

Most cited references 43

Protection against foot-and-mouth disease by immunization with a chemically synthesized peptide predicted from the viral nucleotide sequence.

Iscom, a novel structure for antigenic presentation of membrane proteins from enveloped viruses.

Plant-based vaccines for animals and humans: recent advances in technology and clinical trials.

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