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      Forensic science in Seychelles: An example of a micro-jurisdiction forensic delivery system

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          Abstract

          Forensic science has become an indispensable tool for even the smallest of jurisdictions. However, micro-jurisdictions often face significant challenges with respect to resource availability, administration and local governance. This paper examines the forensic service provision in Seychelles as an example of a micro-jurisdiction forensic delivery system. The impact of limited resources and remote access to consumables or services have prompted the prospective shift to localise commonly utilised forensic services. The potential for a solid foundation for a sustainable forensic service is examined in relation to jurisdictions with more advanced forensic service delivery. Reforms of the legal framework, administration, and governance structures are some of the key underpinnings for an effective forensic delivery system built on a culture of transparent science that promotes justice and creates public confidence.

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          Highlights

          • The Seychelles as an example of a micro-jurisdiction forensic delivery system.

          • Geographically remote location brings challenges to sustainable service provision.

          • Current investment into capacity building of commonly utilised forensic services.

          • Innovative solutions required for effective and efficient forensic delivery system.

          • Transparent science culture needed to promote justice and create public confidence.

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          Most cited references48

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          The international development of forensic science standards — A review

          Standards establish specifications and procedures designed to ensure products, services and systems are safe, reliable and consistently perform as intended. Standards can be used in the accreditation of forensic laboratories or facilities and in the certification of products and services. In recent years there have been various international activities aiming at developing forensic science standards and guidelines. The most significant initiative currently underway within the global forensic community is the development of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. This paper reviews the main bodies working on standards for forensic science, the processes used and the implications for accreditation. This paper specifically discusses the work of ISO Technical Committee TC272, the future TC272 work program for the development of forensic science standards and associated timelines. Also discussed, are the lessons learnt to date in navigating the complex environment of multi-country stakeholder deliberations in standards development.
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            The jurisdictional return on investment from processing the backlog of untested sexual assault kits ☆

            The economic problem for the forensic laboratory is a problem faced in all arenas; limited resources are available to address seemingly unlimited desires. This is as true for entities in the public sector as it is for any private concern. To assist decision-makers in the allocation of those scarce resources, we synthesize existing research on the benefits of additions to the DNA Database and the potential benefits from diverting resources to analysis of the backlog of sexual assault kits. We offer some guidance for the optimum use of limited resources, through the measurement of the return on investment (ROI) at the jurisdictional level (i.e., that is, the net benefits to society relative to the investment itself). These net benefits include those to survivors from a resolution to their assaults, the benefits to others from the prevention of repeated assaults from serial rapists, and the prevention of societal costs external to those directly victimized. Those external costs extend from the effects on friends and family to expenses for preventive measures to anyone aware of sexual assaults. Such metrics surrounding ROI will assist the public sector in the optimal allocation of scarce resources to the justice system by providing a measures of the marginal social welfare improvement from alternative allocations of these scarce resources in light of objectives of public sector entities. The analysis demonstrates that the societal return on investment from the testing of all sexual assault kits ranges from 9,874% to 64,529%, depending on the volume of activity for the laboratory conducting the analysis. There are extreme economies of scale in effect that are suggestive of some policy alternatives.
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              The effectiveness of the UK national DNA database

              Since the emergence of forensic DNA profiling and the corollary creation of DNA databases, efforts to maximise the efficiency and utility of DNA technology have intensified. Such efforts are expedient given the imperative that expenditure on DNA should be cost-effective and the benefits demonstrable. The practice of retaining DNA profiles in databases, either obtained from individuals involved in criminal investigations, or retrieved from suspected crime scenes, has spread globally. The UK's National DNA Database (NDNAD), created in 1995, is both one of the longest established, and biggest of such forensic DNA databases internationally. As such, it is instructive to look at whether there is evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of this DNA database. This paper thus examines efforts to gauge the effectiveness of forensic DNA databases, concluding that while the UK NDNAD may have led directly to convictions in high profile crimes, its broader impact upon public security goals remains elusive.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Forensic Sci Int
                Forensic Sci Int
                Forensic Science International: Synergy
                Elsevier
                2589-871X
                16 February 2021
                2021
                16 February 2021
                : 3
                : 100139
                Affiliations
                [a ]School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845, Western Australia, Australia
                [b ]Seychelles Police Department, Revolution Avenue, Mahe, Seychelles
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. s.lewis@ 123456curtin.edu.au
                [∗∗ ]Corresponding author. School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia. j.bouzin@ 123456postgrad.curtin.edu.au
                Article
                S2589-871X(21)00007-3 100139
                10.1016/j.fsisyn.2021.100139
                7930355
                65f757c9-f22d-4be7-983e-72b2053426d5
                © 2021 The Author(s)

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 5 February 2021
                : 5 February 2021
                Categories
                Policy and Management (in memory of Jay Siegel)

                Forensic science
                forensic science,service delivery,policy,legislation,governance,seychelles
                Forensic science
                forensic science, service delivery, policy, legislation, governance, seychelles

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