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      Características químicas e sensoriais do leite de cabras Moxotó alimentadas com silagem de maniçoba Translated title: Sensorial and chemical characteristics of the milk of Moxotó goats fed with maniçoba silage

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          Abstract

          Avaliaram-se os efeitos da utilização de silagem de maniçoba (Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg.) nas relações volumoso:concentrado 30:70; 40:60; 50:50 e 60:40% sobre a composição do leite, o perfil de ácidos graxos e as características sensoriais do leite de cabras Moxotó. Utilizaram-se oito cabras multíparas com aproximadamente 60 dias pós-parto, pesando em média 44 kg, em um delineamento quadrado latino duplo 4 × 4, com quatro tratamentos, quatro períodos e quatro animais. Cada período teve duração de 15 dias: dez de adaptação dos animais às dietas e cinco de coleta do leite. Não foi observado efeito das dietas na composição química do leite, que apresentou valores médios de proteína (3,79%), gordura (3,97 %), lactose (4,66 %), extrato seco total (13,12%), densidade (1,033) e acidez (19ºD). O fornecimento de silagem de maniçoba influenciou de forma linear crescente as concentrações de ácido mirístico (C14:0), que apresentaram valores de 6,15 a 7,85%, e de forma decrescente os teores de ácido linolênico (C18:3), cujos valores médios foram de 2,13 a 0,76% conforme aumentaram os níveis de silagem na dieta. Os resultados da ADQ (análise descritiva quantitativa) indicam que a utilização de silagem de maniçoba em dieta para cabras não confere mudanças sensoriais perceptíveis no leite. A inclusão de silagem de maniçoba na alimentação de cabras leiteiras em níveis de até 60% da dieta não altera a composição e as características sensoriais do leite.

          Translated abstract

          The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the use of maniçoba silage (Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg.) in different forage:concentrate ratio (30:70; 40:60; 50:50 and 60:40%) in milk composition, fatty acids profile and sensorial characteristics of Moxotó dairy goat milk. Eight multiparus goats were used, with approximately 60 days postpartum and about 44 kg on average, in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, with four treatments, four periods and 4 animals. Each period lasted 15 days : 10 of adaptation of the animals to the diets and 5 of milk collection. No effect of the diets was observed on milk chemical composition, which showed mean values of protein (3.79%), fat (3.97%), lactose (4.66%), total dry extract (13.12%), density (1.033) and acidity (19ºD). A positive linear effect was observe for the miristic acid (C14:0), with mean values from 6.15 to 7.85%, and a negative linear effect was observed for the linolenic acid (C18:3), with mean values from 2.13 to 0.76%, due to the increase of silage levels in the diet. The results of ADQ (quantitative and descriptive analyses) show that the use of maniçoba silage in goats diet did not cause sensorial perceptible changes in the milk. The maniçoba silage inclusion in feeding of milk goat up to the level of 60% in the diet did not change the composition and sensorial characteristics of Moxotó breed goat milk.

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          Most cited references29

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          Physico-chemical characteristics of goat and sheep milk

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            Effect of feed on the composition of milk fat.

            R Grümmer (1991)
            Researchers attending the Wisconsin Milk Board 1988 Milk Fat Roundtable indicated that the ideal nutritional milk fat would contain 10% polyunsaturated fatty acids, 8% saturated fatty acids, and 82% monounsaturated fatty acids. This cannot be accomplished by modifying diets of lactating cows. Monounsaturated fatty acid (C18:1) content can be increased by 50 to 80% and may approach 50% of milk fatty acids by feeding lipids rich in 18-carbon fatty acids. Because of ruminal hydrogenation and intestinal and mammary desaturase activity, degree of unsaturation of dietary 18-carbon fatty acids is not critical in influencing milk fat C18:1. Feeding low roughage diets increases the proportion of C18:1 in milk fat, and effects of feeding low roughage diets and lipid may be additive. Palmitic acid (C16:0) content of milk fat can be reduced by 20 to 40% unless the supplemented lipid is rich in C16:0. Milk fat alteration is dependent on the level of lipid supplementation. Limited evidence indicates frequency of lipid feeding and physical form of oil (free oil vs. oilseed), and heat treatment of oilseeds has relatively little influence on modification of milk fat. Significant changes in milk fat composition can be achieved on farm via nutritional modifications.
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              Goat milk in human nutrition

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbz
                Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
                R. Bras. Zootec.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Viçosa, MG, Brazil )
                1516-3598
                1806-9290
                April 2008
                : 37
                : 4
                : 694-702
                Affiliations
                [02] Areia PB orgnameUFPB
                [03] João Pessoa PB orgnameUFPB orgdiv1CCS orgdiv2Departamento de Nutrição
                [04] Areia PB orgnameUFPB orgdiv1CCA orgdiv2Departamento de Zootecnia
                [01] Bananeiras PB orgnameUFPB orgdiv1CFT orgdiv2Departamento de Agropecuária
                [06] Areia PB orgnameUFPB
                [05] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE orgdiv1Departamento de Zootecnia
                Article
                S1516-35982008000400016 S1516-3598(08)03700416
                10.1590/S1516-35982008000400016
                662c88a2-4962-4a42-b44b-de7df03ccae2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 September 2006
                : 08 October 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Ruminantes

                ácidos graxos,análise sensorial,composição do leite de cabra,Manihot glaziovii,volumoso,fatty acids,goat milk composition,forage,sensory analysis

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