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      Preparedness and response activities of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) home-based primary care program around the fall 2017 hurricane season

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          Abstract

          Background

          Large-scale natural disasters disproportionally affect both the medically complex and the older old, groups that are responsible for most medical surge after a disaster. To understand how to ameliorate this surge, we examined the activities of the nine US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Home Based Primary Care (HBPC) programs impacted during the 2017 Fall Hurricane Season.

          Methods

          Convergent mixed methods design, incorporating independently conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses. Phase One: 34 clinical staff were interviewed from the nine VA HBPC programs impacted by Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria to examine the experiences of their HBPC programs in response to the Hurricanes. Phase Two: Secondary quantitative data analysis used the VA’s Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) to examine the electronic health records of patients for these same nine sites.

          Results

          The emergency management activities of the HBPC programs emerged as two distinct phases: preparedness, and response and recovery. The early implementation of preparedness procedures, and coordinated post-Hurricane patient tracking, limited disruption in care and prevented significant hospitalizations among this population.

          Conclusions

          Individuals aged 75 or older, who often present with multiple comorbidities and decreased functional status, typically prefer to age in their homes. Additionally, as in-home medical equipment evolves, more medically vulnerable individuals are able to receive care at home. HBPC programs, and similar programs under Medicare, connect the homebound, medically complex, older old to the greater healthcare community. Engaging with these programs both pre- and post-disasters is central to bolstering community resilience for these at-risk populations.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09888-8.

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          Most cited references31

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          A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters

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            The meaning of "aging in place" to older people.

            This study illuminates the concept of "aging in place" in terms of functional, symbolic, and emotional attachments and meanings of homes, neighbourhoods, and communities. It investigates how older people understand the meaning of "aging in place," a term widely used in aging policy and research but underexplored with older people themselves. Older people (n = 121), ranging in age from 56 to 92 years, participated in focus groups and interviews in 2 case study communities of similar size in Aotearoa New Zealand, both with high ratings on deprivation indices. The question, "What is the ideal place to grow older?" was explored, including reflections on aging in place. Thematic and narrative analyses on the meaning of aging in place are presented in this paper. Older people want choices about where and how they age in place. "Aging in place" was seen as an advantage in terms of a sense of attachment or connection and feelings of security and familiarity in relation to both homes and communities. Aging in place related to a sense of identity both through independence and autonomy and through caring relationships and roles in the places people live. Aging in place operates in multiple interacting ways, which need to be taken into account in both policy and research. The meanings of aging in place for older people have pragmatic implications beyond internal "feel good" aspects and operate interactively far beyond the "home" or housing.
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              The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers

              <b>The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers </b>is unique in providing, in one volume, an in-depth guide to each of the multiple approaches available for coding qualitative data.</p> <p> </p> <p>In total, 29 different approaches to coding are covered, ranging in complexity from beginner to advanced level and covering the full range of types of qualitative data from interview transcripts to field notes. For each approach profiled, Johnny Saldaña discusses the method's origins in the professional literature, a description of the method, recommendations for practical applications, and a clearly illustrated example. Also included in the book is an introduction to how codes and coding initiate qualitative data analysis, their applications with qualitative data analysis software, the writing of supplemental analytic memos, and recommendations for how to best use the manual for particular studies.</p> <p> </p> <p><b>The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers</b> is an invaluable reference for all students, teachers, and practitioners of qualitative inquiry, and a useful textbook for beginning and advanced qualitative research methods courses in such disciplines as education, sociology, communication, anthropology, psychology, and health care.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                tamar.wyte@va.gov
                Journal
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BMC Public Health
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2458
                26 November 2020
                26 November 2020
                2020
                : 20
                : 1796
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.418356.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0478 7015, Veterans Emergency Management Evaluation Center (VEMEC), , U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, ; 16111 Plummer St. MS-152, North Hills, CA 91343 USA
                [2 ]GRID grid.5288.7, ISNI 0000 0000 9758 5690, Department of Family Medicine, , Oregon Health & Science University, ; 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239 USA
                [3 ]GRID grid.418356.d, ISNI 0000 0004 0478 7015, Denver-Seattle Center of Innovation, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, , U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, ; 1700 North Wheeling Street, Aurora, CO 80045-7211 USA
                [4 ]GRID grid.56061.34, ISNI 0000 0000 9560 654X, Division of Health Systems Management and Policy, , University of Memphis School of Public Health, ; 3720 Alumni Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-7701
                Article
                9888
                10.1186/s12889-020-09888-8
                7690102
                33243229
                664a3106-0470-454f-98f2-321f6ab0238a
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                : 29 June 2020
                : 15 November 2020
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2020

                Public health
                emergency preparedness,home health agencies,long-term care,aging in place
                Public health
                emergency preparedness, home health agencies, long-term care, aging in place

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