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      Looking away: distractor influences on saccadic trajectory and endpoint in prosaccade and antisaccade tasks.

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          Abstract

          Successful target selection often occurs concurrently with distractor inhibition. A better understanding of the former thus requires a thorough study of the competition that arises between target and distractor representations. In the present study, we explore whether the presence of a distractor influences saccade processing via interfering with visual target and/or saccade goal representations. To do this, we asked participants to make either pro- or antisaccade eye movements to a target and measured the change in their saccade trajectory and landing position (collectively referred to as deviation) in response to distractors placed near or far from the saccade goal. The use of an antisaccade paradigm may help to distinguish between stimulus- and goal-related distractor interference, as unlike with prosaccades, these two features are dissociated in space when making a goal-directed antisaccade response away from a visual target stimulus. The present results demonstrate that for both pro- and antisaccades, distractors near the saccade goal elicited the strongest competition, as indicated by greater saccade trajectory deviation and landing position error. Though distractors far from the saccade goal elicited, on average, greater deviation away in antisaccades than in prosaccades, a time-course analysis revealed a significant effect of far-from-goal distractors in prosaccades as well. Considered together, the present findings support the view that goal-related representations most strongly influence the saccade metrics tested, though stimulus-related representations may play a smaller role in determining distractor-based interference effects on saccade execution under certain circumstances. Further, the results highlight the advantage of considering temporal changes in distractor-based interference.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Exp Brain Res
          Experimental brain research
          Springer Nature America, Inc
          1432-1106
          0014-4819
          June 2016
          : 234
          : 6
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada. klaidlaw@psych.ubc.ca.
          [2 ] Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
          [3 ] Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
          Article
          10.1007/s00221-016-4551-6
          10.1007/s00221-016-4551-6
          26838359
          664cf2b9-479f-486b-9fa1-73ddf995d45f
          History

          Eye movements,Antisaccades,Attention,Distractor inhibition,Saccade trajectory

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