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      Association of Gestational Diabetes With Maternal Disorders of Glucose Metabolism and Childhood Adiposity

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          Abstract

          The sequelae of gestational diabetes (GD) by contemporary criteria that diagnose approximately twice as many women as previously used criteria are unclear.

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          Most cited references24

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          Frequency of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at Collaborating Centers Based on IADPSG Consensus Panel–Recommended Criteria

          OBJECTIVE To report frequencies of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among the 15 centers that participated in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study using the new International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS All participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 32 weeks’ gestation. GDM was retrospectively classified using the IADPSG criteria (one or more fasting, 1-h, or 2-h plasma glucose concentrations equal to or greater than threshold values of 5.1, 10.0, or 8.5 mmol/L, respectively). RESULTS Overall frequency of GDM was 17.8% (range 9.3–25.5%). There was substantial center-to-center variation in which glucose measures met diagnostic thresholds. CONCLUSIONS Although the new diagnostic criteria for GDM apply globally, center-to-center differences occur in GDM frequency and relative diagnostic importance of fasting, 1-h, and 2-h glucose levels. This may impact strategies used for the diagnosis of GDM.
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            Diagnostic criteria and classification of hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy: a World Health Organization Guideline.

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              Childhood obesity and metabolic imprinting: the ongoing effects of maternal hyperglycemia.

              The purpose of this study was to determine how the range of measured maternal glycemia in pregnancy relates to risk of obesity in childhood. Universal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening (a 50-g glucose challenge test [GCT]) was performed in two regions (Northwest and Hawaii) of a large diverse HMO during 1995-2000, and GDM was diagnosed/treated using a 3-h 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria. Measured weight in offspring (n = 9,439) was ascertained 5-7 years later to calculate sex-specific weight-for-age percentiles using U.S. norms (1963-1994 standard) and then classified by maternal positive GCT (1 h >or= 7.8 mmol/l) and OGTT results (1 or >or=2 of the 4 time points abnormal: fasting, 1 h, 2 h, or 3 h by Carpenter and Coustan and NDDG criteria). There was a positive trend for increasing childhood obesity at age 5-7 years (P < 0.0001; 85th and 95th percentiles) across the range of increasing maternal glucose screen values, which remained after adjustment for potential confounders including maternal weight gain, maternal age, parity, ethnicity, and birth weight. The risk of childhood obesity in offspring of mothers with GDM by NDDG criteria (treated) was attenuated compared with the risks for the groups with lesser degrees of hyperglycemia (untreated). The relationships were similar among Caucasians and non-Caucasians. Stratification by birth weight also revealed these effects in children of normal birth weight (
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                JAMA
                JAMA
                American Medical Association (AMA)
                0098-7484
                September 11 2018
                September 11 2018
                : 320
                : 10
                : 1005
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
                [2 ]MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
                [3 ]National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
                [4 ]Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
                [5 ]Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, England
                [6 ]Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
                [7 ]Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
                [8 ]Queen Elizabeth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine and Research, University of the West Indies, Barbados
                [9 ]Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Pasadena
                [10 ]Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
                [11 ]Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
                [12 ]St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, England
                [13 ]Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Ireland
                Article
                10.1001/jama.2018.11628
                6143108
                30208453
                666d040e-f220-4145-98b8-fe48c035b29e
                © 2018
                History

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