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      Hematoma tegmento-mesencefálico espontâneo: aspectos neurocomportamentais do terço rostral do tronco encefálico humano Translated title: Spontaneous tegmento-mesencephalic hematoma: neurobehavioral insights concerning the rostral human brainstem

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          Abstract

          O tegmento do mesencéfalo é área complexa, dada a quantidade de fibras que o atravessam, provenientes de circuitos locais, de sistemas ativadores ascendentes e de feixes descendentes dos hemisférios cerebrais. No presente artigo, relatamos o caso de um senhor de 67 anos, que sofreu hemorragia mesencefálica de localização tegmental, vindo a falecer 1 mês depois. Inicialmente, foi julgado em coma, por apresentar ptose bilateral, ausência de fala e de movimentos espontâneos. Por volta da segunda semana, descobriu-se que podia cumprir comandos verbais, sentar, sustentar-se de pé e andar. O caso demonstra o quanto o diagnóstico do coma em bases clínicas pode ser enganoso em pacientes como esse, no qual a aparente irresponsividade de olhos fechados se deve à combinação inesperada de abulia e oftalmoplegia.

          Translated abstract

          The tegmentum of the midbrain is a complex area traversed by a number of anatomical and functional systems, including local circuits, ascending activating systems and descending fibers from the cerebral hemispheres. In the present paper we report on the case of a 67-year-old man who suffered a spontaneous central tegmental hemorrhage and was initially supposed to be in coma due to bilateral ptosis and lack of speech and initiative. By the second hospital week, however, he was shown to be able to respond to verbal commands, sit, stand and walk. He died in sepsis one month later. This case shows that the clinical diagnosis of coma may be misleading in certain patients in whom wakefulness is preserved, though concealed from a casual bedside examination due to abulia and ophthalmoplegia.

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          Most cited references48

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          Corticofugal projections to the motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal cord in humans.

          We studied corticofugal projections to the motoneurons with Nauta-Gygax's technique in a patient with cerebral infarction of both hemispheres. Motoneurons in the brainstem motor nuclei and spinal anterior horns seem to receive direct cortical projections, except for the oculomotor and abducens nuclei and Onuf's nucleus in the sacral cord.
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            Cerveau ‘isolé’ et physiologie du sommeil

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              A short essay on posture and movement.

              Certain statements concerning the relation of posture and movement which have become traditional are re-examined--in particular, the statement 'Movement (that is, pysiological movement) consists of a series of postures. The theme of the essay is the posture--that is, postural activity--should be regarded as a function in its own right and not merely as a component of movement and, secondly, that expressions such as a' series of postures' or 'a change of posture' are not valid as definitions of physiological movement is general, but describe only movement which is part of the postural function. Voluntary movement consists of much more than a series of postures and its significance, ordinarily, is not postural.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                anp
                Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
                Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.
                Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO (São Paulo )
                1678-4227
                December 1995
                : 53
                : 4
                : 807-814
                Affiliations
                [1 ] UNI-RIO
                [2 ] Universidade Federal Fluminense Brazil
                [3 ] Hospital da Beneficiência Portuguesa
                Article
                S0004-282X1995000500018
                10.1590/S0004-282X1995000500018
                667b1458-4d01-4ff4-9276-15f14537a85f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0004-282X&lng=en
                Categories
                NEUROSCIENCES
                PSYCHIATRY

                Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                coma,ascending activating system,extrapyramidal system,midbrain,abulia,sistema ativador ascendente,sistema extrapiramidal,mesencéfalo

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