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      A study of the constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions of Isocopris inhiata and Diabroctis mimas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) using C-banding, AgNO3 staining and FISH techniques

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          Abstract

          Meiotic and mitotic chromosomes of Isocopris inhiata and Diabroctis mimas were studied by standard staining procedures, C-banding, silver nitrate staining and FISH using Apis mellifera 28S rDNA as probe. Isocopris inhiata presented a 2n = 18 (8II+ Xy p) karyotype, composed of meta-submetacentric chromosomes with gradual reduction in size. The karyotype of D. mimas was 2n = 20 (9II+ Xy p), composed of meta-submetacentric (pairs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7) and acrocentric (pairs 5, 6, 8 and 9) chromosomes, with gradual reduction in size. Analysis of constitutive heterochromatin revealed similar C-banding patterns for both species, showing pericentromeric and telomeric bands and diphasic chromosomes. In addition, the X chromosomes of these species were found to be almost completely heterochromatic. The presence of chromocenters was checked in one or more phases of prophase I of these species. All heterochromatin reacted positively for the silver stain. By FISH analysis we were able to locate the rDNA in medium-size autosome pairs in both species and in the X chromosome of D. mimas.

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          A simple technique for demonstrating centromeric heterochromatin.

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            Dung Beetle Ecology

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              Visualization of nucleolar organizer regions im mammalian chromosomes using silver staining.

              A simple ammoniacal silver staining procedure, designated Ag-AS, differentially stains the chromosomal locations of ribosomal DNA in certain mammalian species. This was critically demonstrated by Ag-AS staining of the nucleolus organizer regions in karyotypes of the same species and cell lines used for locating the ribosomal cistrons by DNA/RNA in situ hybridization. With Ag-AS, silver stained NORs (Ag-NORs) are visualized as black spherical bodies on yellow-brown chromosome arms. Ag-NORs were visualized throughout mitosis at the secondary constrictions in the rat kangaroo, Seba's fruit bat, Indian muntjac, and Rhesus monkey. The Chinese hamster and cattle have telomeric Ag-NORs, the mouse subcentromeric Ag-NORs, and the field vole Ag-NORs as minute short arms or choromosomal satellites. Ag-NORs occur at both secondary constrictions and at telomeres in the cotton rat. Variability in Ag-NOR pattern included differences in the number of Ag-NORs per cell within a cell population, size of Ag-NORs among chromosomes of a complement, and presence of Ag-NOR on particular chromosomes in two cell lines of the Chinese hamster. The available cytochemical data suggest that the Ag-AS reaction stains chromosomal proteins at the NOR rather than the rDNA itself.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gmb
                Genetics and Molecular Biology
                Genet. Mol. Biol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Genética (Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil )
                1415-4757
                1678-4685
                March 2005
                : 28
                : 1
                : 111-116
                Affiliations
                [02] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Filosifia, Ciências e Letras Brazil
                [01] Ribeirão Preto SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Brazil
                Article
                S1415-47572005000100019 S1415-4757(05)02800119
                10.1590/S1415-47572005000100019
                667c1dac-4477-4e0f-a8ee-3d31b56b0b8e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 June 2004
                : 19 December 2003
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Animal Genetics

                NORs,heterochromatin,Coleoptera,FISH
                NORs, heterochromatin, Coleoptera, FISH

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