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      Mudanças na estrutura da vegetação lenhosa em três porções da mata de galeria do Córrego Bacaba (1999-2006), Nova Xavantina-MT Translated title: Changes in the structure of the woody vegetation in three portions of the gallery forest of the Bacaba Stream (1999-2006), Nova Xavantina-MT

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          Abstract

          Este estudo, realizado na Mata de Galeria do córrego Bacaba (14º41'S e 52º20'W), em Nova Xavantina, MT, avaliou as mudanças na estrutura da vegetação no período de 1999 a 2006. Em 1999, foram demarcadas 141 parcelas permanentes em três porções da mata (alto, meio e baixo), em um gradiente topográfico, e medidos os indivíduos com CAP ≥ 15 cm. No inventário de 2006, os indivíduos foram remedidos e os recrutas, computados. Em 2006, amostraram-se 135 espécies, 113 gêneros e 49 famílias. A posição hierárquica das espécies apresentou mudanças expressivas em relação a 1999. Na porção do alto, as espécies com maior valor de importância (VI) foram: Astrocaryum vulgare, Diospyros guianensis e Calophyllum brasiliense. Essa porção pode ter sido a mais afetada pelo fogo que atingiu a área em 2001, visto que uma espécie típica de ambientes antropizados passou a ocupar a primeira posição de VI. No meio, as espécies mais importantes em 2006 foram: Aspidosperma subincanum, Tetragastris altissima e Hymenaea courbaril. No baixo, apenas Mauritia flexuosa manteve a mesma posição do inventário anterior, e a maior alteração hierárquica foi apresentada pelas espécies pioneiras, sugerindo um fechamento da vegetação. Entre as 10 espécies de maior VI em 2006, nenhuma foi comum às três porções da mata. Características estruturais distintas da vegetação entre áreas geograficamente tão próximas podem estar relacionadas à heterogeneidade do ambiente. As mudanças no VI registradas nas espécies das três porções de mata reforçam a ideia de que esta apresenta elevada dinâmica.

          Translated abstract

          The study was carried out on the gallery forest of the Bacaba Stream (14º41'S and 52º20'W) in Nova Xavantina-MT. It evaluated the changes in the structure of the vegetation from 1999 to 2006. In 1999, it was delimited 141 permanent plots in three portions of the gallery forest (upper, middle and lower), in a topographic gradient, and all individuals with breast height circumference > 15cm were measured. In the 2006 inventory, it was sampled 135 species, 113 genera and 49 families. The hierarchical position of the species showed significant changes in comparison to 1999. In the upper portion the most important species (IV) were: Astrocaryum vulgare, Diospyros guianensis and Calophyllum brasiliense. This portion could have been the most affected by the fire which occurred in 2001 inasmuch as one typical species of anthropic system occupied the first VI place. In the middle, the most important species in 2006 were: Aspidosperma subincanum, Tetragastris altissima and Hymenaea courbaril. In the lower, only Mauritia flexuosa maintained the same hierarchical position in the previous hierarchical inventory, the greatest hierarchical change was presented by the pioneer species, suggesting a vegetation closure. Of the 10 species with the greatest IV in 2006, none was common to the three forest portions. Distinct vegetation structure traits among areas geographically so close may be related to environmental heterogeneity. Changes in IV recorded in species of the three forest portions reinforce the idea that this one presents a high dynamics.

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          Árvores brasileiras:manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas nativas do Brasil

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            Increasing turnover through time in tropical forests.

            Tree turnover rates were assessed at 40 tropical forest sites. Averaged across inventoried forests, turnover, as measured by tree mortality and recruitment, has increased since the 1950s, with an apparent pantropical acceleration since 1980. Among 22 mature forest sites with two or more inventory periods, forest turnover also increased. The trend in forest dynamics may have profound effects on biological diversity.
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              Increasing biomass in Amazonian forest plots.

              A previous study by Phillips et al. of changes in the biomass of permanent sample plots in Amazonian forests was used to infer the presence of a regional carbon sink. However, these results generated a vigorous debate about sampling and methodological issues. Therefore we present a new analysis of biomass change in old-growth Amazonian forest plots using updated inventory data. We find that across 59 sites, the above-ground dry biomass in trees that are more than 10 cm in diameter (AGB) has increased since plot establishment by 1.22 +/- 0.43 Mg per hectare per year (ha(-1) yr(-1), where 1 ha = 10(4) m2), or 0.98 +/- 0.38 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) if individual plot values are weighted by the number of hectare years of monitoring. This significant increase is neither confounded by spatial or temporal variation in wood specific gravity, nor dependent on the allometric equation used to estimate AGB. The conclusion is also robust to uncertainty about diameter measurements for problematic trees: for 34 plots in western Amazon forests a significant increase in AGB is found even with a conservative assumption of zero growth for all trees where diameter measurements were made using optical methods and/or growth rates needed to be estimated following fieldwork. Overall, our results suggest a slightly greater rate of net stand-level change than was reported by Phillips et al. Considering the spatial and temporal scale of sampling and associated studies showing increases in forest growth and stem turnover, the results presented here suggest that the total biomass of these plots has on average increased and that there has been a regional-scale carbon sink in old-growth Amazonian forests during the previous two decades.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rarv
                Revista Árvore
                Rev. Árvore
                Sociedade de Investigações Florestais (Viçosa )
                1806-9088
                June 2011
                : 35
                : 3 suppl 1
                : 725-735
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Brazil
                Article
                S0100-67622011000400017
                10.1590/S0100-67622011000400017
                66d1b471-c5ab-4718-a310-78ff83af67ff

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-6762&lng=en
                Categories
                FORESTRY

                Forestry
                Astrocaryum vulgare,Environmental heterogeneity,Riparian forest,Heterogeneidade ambiental,Floresta ripária

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