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      Suicidal deaths in elementary school students in Korea

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          Abstract

          Background

          The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of childhood suicidal deaths among elementary school students that occurred from 2011 to 2015 in Korea.

          Methods

          The report form of each suicide case by the teacher in charge to the Education Ministry was reviewed retrospectively.

          Results

          There were 19 suicidal deaths (12 boys, 7 girls) in elementary school students. The youngest case was a third grader (n = 1). Jumping from heights (n = 12) was the most frequently used method. Most suicides (n = 12) were committed in their homes.

          Conclusion

          These results highlight the alarming trend of early suicidal deaths and the importance of early suicide prevention strategies, especially in schools.

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13034-017-0190-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references27

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          Age- and sex-related risk factors for adolescent suicide.

          Joseph Chen, J. Bridge, Constance L Chiappetta … (1999)
          To examine the impact of age and sex on adolescent suicide risk. A standard psychological autopsy protocol was used to compare 140 suicide victims with 131 community controls. The risk factors for older (> or = 16 years) and younger, and for male and female suicide were compared. Mood disorders, parental psychopathology, lifetime history of abuse, availability of a gun, and past suicide attempt conveyed significant risk for suicide across all 4 demographic groups. Psychopathology, particularly substance abuse (alone and comorbid with mood disorder), was more common and conveyed a much higher risk for suicide in the older versus younger adolescents. Younger suicide victims showed lower suicidal intent. Males chose more irreversible methods, and conduct disorder was both more prevalent and a more significant risk factor in males. The increased rate of suicide in older versus younger adolescents is due in part to greater prevalence of psychopathology, namely substance abuse, and greater suicidal intent in the older population. The increased rate in males is less easily explained, but it may stem from method choice and the greater prevalence of and risk conveyed by conduct disorder in males.
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            Preventing suicide: a global imperative

            (2014)
            Article 0 comments Cited 124 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Socioeconomic inequalities in suicidal ideation, parasuicides, and completed suicides in South Korea.

              Myoung-Hee Kim, Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Hee-Jin Jun … (2010)
              As a result of unprecedented increase in suicides over the last decade, Korea now ranks at the top of OECD countries in suicide statistics (26.1 deaths per 100,000 population in 2005). Our study sought to document socioeconomic inequalities in self-destructive behaviors including suicidal ideation, parasuicide, and completed suicide. For prevalence of suicidal ideation and parasuicide, we used four waves of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1995, 1998, 2001, and 2005). For suicide mortality, we abstracted suicide cases from the National Death Registration records, and linked them with population denominators from the national census in 1995, 2000, and 2005. We examined variation in self-destructive behaviors according to level of educational attainment (at the individual level), as well as area-level characteristics including level of deprivation and degree of urbanicity. Age-standardized rates were calculated through direct standardization using the 2005 census population as the standard. Inequalities were measured by the relative index of inequality and the slope index of inequality. The age-standardized prevalence of suicidal ideation decreased across consecutive surveys in both genders (18.0-13.5% for men, 27.5-22.9% for women). Parasuicides similarly decreased over time. By contrast, completed suicides increased over time (20.9-42.8 per 100,000 for men and 8.9-20.9 for women). The most prominent increases in completed suicides were observed among the elderly in both genders. Lower education, rural residence, and area deprivation was each associated with higher suicide rates. Both absolute as well as relative inequalities in suicide by socioeconomic position widened over time. Our findings suggest that the current suicide epidemic in Korea has social origins. In addition to clinical approaches targeted to the prevention of suicides in high risk individuals, social policies are needed to protect disadvantaged populations at risk of self-destructive behaviors. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Minha Hong: hmh0124@hanmail.net
                Han Nah Cho: hn3336@naver.com
                Ah Reum Kim: reumi1004@naver.com
                Hyun Ju Hong: honghj88@gmail.com
                Yong-Sil Kweon: 82-31-820-3032 , yskwn@catholic.ac.kr
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health
                Title: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1753-2000
                Publication date (Electronic): 29 September 2017
                Publication date PMC-release: 29 September 2017
                Publication date Collection: 2017
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 53
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0475 0976, GRID grid.416355.0, Department of Psychiatry, , Myongji Hospital, Seonam University, College of Medicine, ; Goyang, Republic of Korea
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 5964, GRID grid.256753.0, Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, , Hallym University, ; Anyang, Republic of Korea
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9834 782X, GRID grid.411945.c, Department of Psychiatry, , Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University of Korea, ; Anyang, Republic of Korea
                [4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0470 4224, GRID grid.411947.e, Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, , The Catholic University of Korea, ; 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 16591 Republic of Korea
                Article
                Publisher ID: 190
                DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0190-3
                PMC ID: 5622440
                SO-VID: 66fcd6e8-3645-4555-a4a9-f972d9314cf5
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2017
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 23 January 2017
                Date accepted : 22 September 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: Jeollanamdo Office of Education from the Ministry of Education
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2017

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: childhood,suicide,death,characteristics
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: childhood, suicide, death, characteristics

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