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      Temperatura corporal y temperatura de calentamiento en el cuidado de pacientes grandes quemados Translated title: Body temperature and heating temperature in major burns patients care

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Objetivos: El objetivo es describir los métodos de calentamiento y su aplicación para el mantenimiento de la temperatura corporal en el paciente gran quemado. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica realizada entre septiembre de 2019 y febrero de 2020 acerca de la termorregulación y calentamiento del paciente quemado en las bases de datos CINAHL, CUIDEN, PUBMED, MEDES y WOS en español e inglés, de los últimos 10 años, de los cuales fueron analizados 24 documentos. Resultados: La respuesta hipermetabólica y la reprogramación hipotalámica provocan un aumento de la temperatura basal en los pacientes quemados, entre 37 y 38,5ºC sin origen infeccioso. Para disminuir el gasto energético en reposo y la repuesta hipermetabólica se puede aplicar una temperatura ambiental elevada, como calentamiento externo pasivo, entre 28 y 32ºC. Discusión Existen otros métodos de calentamiento externo activo que pueden conseguir el mismo objetivo como las mantas de aire convectivo, placas térmicas o sistemas de superficie. Conclusión Debe revisarse la recomendación de calentamiento mediante temperatura ambiental elevada, que crea ambientes hostiles para los trabajadores y los pacientes, a través del estudio de la inclusión de métodos de calentamiento externo activo.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Objectives To describe the heating methods and their application to maintain body temperature in majors burn patients. Methodology Bibliographic review carried out between September 2019 and February 2020 about the thermoregulation and heating of the burn patient in the CINHAL, CUIDEN, PUBMED, MEDES and WOS databases in Spanish and English, documents from the last 10 years, from which 26 were analyzed. Results Hypermetabolic response and hypothalamic reprogramming cause an increase in basal temperature in burn patients between 37 and 38.5ºC without infectious origin. To decrease the energy expenditure at rest and the hypermetabolic response, it is possible to act through a high ambient temperature between 28 and 32ºC as passive external heating. Discussion Other external heating methods can achieve this goal such as convective air blankets, heating plates, or surface systems. Conclusions The recommendation of warming by means of high ambient temperature, which creates hostile environments for workers and patients, should be reviewed through the study of the inclusion of active external warming methods.

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          Pathophysiological Response to Burn Injury in Adults

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            Critical care of the burn patient: the first 48 hours.

            The goal of this concise review is to provide an overview of some of the most important resuscitation and monitoring issues and approaches that are unique to burn patients compared with the general intensive care unit population. Consensus conference findings, clinical trials, and expert medical opinion regarding care of the critically burned patient were gathered and reviewed. Studies focusing on burn shock, resuscitation goals, monitoring tools, and current recommendations for initial burn care were examined. The critically burned patient differs from other critically ill patients in many ways, the most important being the necessity of a team approach to patient care. The burn patient is best cared for in a dedicated burn center where resuscitation and monitoring concentrate on the pathophysiology of burns, inhalation injury, and edema formation. Early operative intervention and wound closure, metabolic interventions, early enteral nutrition, and intensive glucose control have led to continued improvements in outcome. Prevention of complications such as hypothermia and compartment syndromes is part of burn critical care. The myriad areas where standards and guidelines are currently determined only by expert opinion will become driven by level 1 data only by continued research into the critical care of the burn patient.
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              Burn teams and burn centers: the importance of a comprehensive team approach to burn care.

              Remarkable advances in burn care have been made over recent decades, and it is recognized that the organized efforts of burn teams are required to continue enhancing survival rates and quality of life for patients. Patients with major burns are unique, representing one of the most severe models of trauma, and therefore necessitate treatment in the best specialized facilities available for that endeavor. Burn centers have developed to meet these intricate needs but can only function most productively and efficiently through well-organized, multifaceted, patient-centered teams in the areas of both clinical care and research.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2021
                : 20
                : 61
                : 466-488
                Affiliations
                [2] Tarragona Cataluña orgnameUniversitat Rovira i Virgilu Spain
                [1] Valladolid orgnameHospital Universitario Rio Hortega orgdiv1Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos España jualonsofern@ 123456saludcastillayleon.es
                Article
                S1695-61412021000100018 S1695-6141(21)02006100018
                10.6018/eglobal.430221
                670a7cf6-e154-43a4-8282-072d62723232

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 September 2020
                : 31 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 23
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Revisiones

                Metabolismo energético,Calentadores,Energy metabolism,Regulación de la Temperatura Corporal,Atención de Enfermería,Heating,Body Temperature Regulation,Quemados,Burn patient,Nursing Care

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