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      The Sensitivity of Yeast Mutants to Oleic Acid Implicates the Peroxisome and Other Processes in Membrane Function

      , , , ,
      Genetics
      Genetics Society of America

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          Abstract

          The peroxisome, sole site of beta-oxidation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is known to be required for optimal growth in the presence of fatty acid. Screening of the haploid yeast deletion collection identified approximately 130 genes, 23 encoding peroxisomal proteins, necessary for normal growth on oleic acid. Oleate slightly enhances growth of wild-type yeast and inhibits growth of all strains identified by the screen. Nonperoxisomal processes, among them chromatin modification by H2AZ, Pol II mediator function, and cell-wall-associated activities, also prevent oleate toxicity. The most oleate-inhibited strains lack Sap190, a putative adaptor for the PP2A-type protein phosphatase Sit4 (which is also required for normal growth on oleate) and Ilm1, a protein of unknown function. Palmitoleate, the other main unsaturated fatty acid of Saccharomyces, fails to inhibit growth of the sap190delta, sit4delta, and ilm1delta strains. Data that suggest that oleate inhibition of the growth of a peroxisomal mutant is due to an increase in plasma membrane porosity are presented. We propose that yeast deficient in peroxisomal and other functions are sensitive to oleate perhaps because of an inability to effectively control the fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids.

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          Most cited references67

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          Functional Characterization of the S. cerevisiae Genome by Gene Deletion and Parallel Analysis

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            Thermal adaptation in biological membranes: is homeoviscous adaptation the explanation?

            J R Hazel (1995)
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              Storage lipid synthesis is non-essential in yeast.

              Steryl esters and triacylglycerol (TAG) are the main storage lipids in eukaryotic cells. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, these storage lipids accumulate during stationary growth phase within organelles known as lipid bodies. We have used single and multiple gene disruptions to study storage lipid synthesis in yeast. Four genes, ARE1, ARE2, DGA1, and LRO1, were found to contribute to TAG synthesis. The most significant contribution is made by DGA1, which encodes a novel acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase. Two of the genes, ARE1 and ARE2, are also involved in steryl ester synthesis. A yeast strain that lacks all four genes is viable and has no apparent growth defects under standard conditions. The strain is devoid of both TAG and steryl esters, and fluorescence microscopy revealed that it also lacks lipid bodies. We conclude that neither storage lipids nor lipid bodies are essential for growth in yeast.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Genetics
                Genetics
                Genetics Society of America
                0016-6731
                1943-2631
                January 23 2007
                January 2007
                January 2007
                December 06 2006
                : 175
                : 1
                : 77-91
                Article
                10.1534/genetics.106.064428
                1774995
                17151231
                672402c9-b6fe-4bb3-8078-2996fef9017e
                © 2006
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