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      Low temperature induced modulation of photosynthetic induction in non-acclimated and cold-acclimated Arabidopsis thaliana: chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas-exchange measurements.

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          Abstract

          Cold acclimation modifies the photosynthetic machinery and enables plants to survive at sub-zero temperatures, whereas in warm habitats, many species suffer even at non-freezing temperatures. We have measured chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) and CO2 assimilation to investigate the effects of cold acclimation, and of low temperatures, on a cold-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana accession C24. Upon excitation with low intensity (40 µmol photons m- 2 s- 1) ~ 620 nm light, slow (minute range) ChlF transients, at ~ 22 °C, showed two waves in the SMT phase (S, semi steady-state; M, maximum; T, terminal steady-state), whereas CO2 assimilation showed a linear increase with time. Low-temperature treatment (down to - 1.5 °C) strongly modulated the SMT phase and stimulated a peak in the CO2 assimilation induction curve. We show that the SMT phase, at ~ 22 °C, was abolished when measured under high actinic irradiance, or when 3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1- dimethylurea (DCMU, an inhibitor of electron flow) or methyl viologen (MV, a Photosystem I (PSI) electron acceptor) was added to the system. Our data suggest that stimulation of the SMT wave, at low temperatures, has multiple reasons, which may include changes in both photochemical and biochemical reactions leading to modulations in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of the excited state of Chl, "state transitions," as well as changes in the rate of cyclic electron flow through PSI. Further, we suggest that cold acclimation, in accession C24, promotes "state transition" and protects photosystems by preventing high excitation pressure during low-temperature exposure.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Photosyn. Res.
          Photosynthesis research
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1573-5079
          0166-8595
          Mar 2019
          : 139
          : 1-3
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic. mishra.k@czechglobe.cz.
          [2 ] Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. mishra.k@czechglobe.cz.
          [3 ] Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
          [4 ] Department of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70567, Stuttgart, Germany.
          [5 ] Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
          Article
          10.1007/s11120-018-0588-7
          10.1007/s11120-018-0588-7
          30306531
          672e5eba-f9aa-4f73-b735-0f6ca6d1a2e9
          History

          Low-temperature effect,Chlorophyll fluorescence transients,Methyl viologen,3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1- dimethylurea,Slow SMT fluorescence phase,Cold acclimation,Gas-exchange measurements,State transition

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