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      Effects of music therapy on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

      1 , , ,
      Ageing research reviews
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are common problems for patients and caregivers. Although music therapy is considered a non-pharmacological intervention for the management of BPSD, its effectiveness remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of music therapy on BPSD, cognitive function, and activities of daily living in patients with dementia. A literature search was conducted in the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi. We selected 20 studies, including randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, and controlled trials, and conducted a meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMD). The results showed that music therapy had moderate effects on anxiety [SMD, -0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.05 - -0.24; p=0.002] and small effects on behavioral symptoms (SMD, -0.49; 95% CI, -0.82 - -0.17; p=0.003). In studies of duration >3 months, music therapy had large effects on anxiety (SMD, -0.93; 95% CI, -1.72 - -0.13; p=0.02). The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that music therapy is effective for the management of BPSD.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Ageing Res Rev
          Ageing research reviews
          Elsevier BV
          1872-9649
          1568-1637
          Mar 2013
          : 12
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. t-ueda@med.tohoku.ac.jp
          Article
          S1568-1637(13)00013-5
          10.1016/j.arr.2013.02.003
          23511664
          67465577-8678-42bc-83d8-16194b77b71f
          Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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