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      Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement.

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          Abstract

          Vigilance is a term with varied definitions but the most common usage is sustained attention or tonic alertness. This usage of vigilance implies both the degree of arousal on the sleep-wake axis and the level of cognitive performance. There are many interacting neural and neurotransmitter systems that affect vigilance. Most studies of vigilance have relied on states where the sleep-wake state is altered, e.g. drowsiness, sleep-deprivation, and CNS-active drugs, but there are factors ranging from psychophysics to motivation that may impact vigilance. While EEG is the most commonly studied physiologic measure of vigilance, various measures of eye movement and of autonomic nervous system activity have also been used. This review paper discusses the underlying neural basis of vigilance and its assessment using physiologic tools. Since, assessment of vigilance requires assessment of cognitive function this aspect is also discussed.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Clin Neurophysiol
          Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
          Elsevier BV
          1388-2457
          1388-2457
          Sep 2006
          : 117
          : 9
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), CR120, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA. oken@ohsu.edu
          Article
          S1388-2457(06)00049-6 NIHMS192292
          10.1016/j.clinph.2006.01.017
          2865224
          16581292
          67c4f62b-f42c-4885-883f-1090fe4d74dc
          History

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