Research progress of exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculosis

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease. At present, there is little breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, and the diagnostics are suboptimal. Because early detection of TB is so important to control and prevent the spread of infection, and because of the current challenges in diagnosing TB, the development of novel biomarkers is critical. Exosomal miRNAs are small 18-22nt RNAs and they play an important roles in modulating gene expression, translation, and intercellular communication. Recent studies have found they also play important roles in the host defense against Mtb infection.miRNA in serum exosomes of TB patients have metabolic disorders,these miRNA may be used as novel biomarkers for the monitoring of TB treatment and the diagnosis of active diseases. The study of exosomal miRNAs in tuberculosis has become one of the current hot spots and is considered to be the most promising candidate biomarker. In this review, we summarized the roles and research progress of exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculosis.

Abstract

摘要: 结核病(tuberculosis, TB)作为一种严重的传染病, 目前对结核病的预防和治疗仍未取得重大突破, 诊断也不 够理想。由于结核病的早期发现对于控制和预防感染传播极其重要, 并且由于目前结核病诊断的挑战, 开发新型生物 标志物至关重要。外泌体miRNA是长度为18~22个核苷酸的小非编码RNA, 在调节基因表达、翻译和细胞间传递信息 中起重要作用。它们作为一种有前途的研究工具, 为结核病的诊断和治疗提供了新的视角, 近年来研究发现, 外泌体 与结核病的发生发展有密切的联系。结核病患者的血清外泌体中的miRNA代谢水平失调, 可能将这些外体失调的 miRNA用作新型生物标志物, 用于结核病治疗监测以及活动性疾病的诊断。外泌体miRNA在结核病方面的研究巳成 为当前的热点之一, 被认为是最有前途的候选生物标志物。本文就外泌体miRNA在结核病诊断和预后中的作用研究 进展进行综述。