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      Ironic effects of drawing attention to story errors.

      1 , ,
      Memory (Hove, England)
      Informa UK Limited

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          Abstract

          Readers learn errors embedded in fictional stories and use them to answer later general knowledge questions (Marsh, Meade, & Roediger, 2003). Suggestibility is robust and occurs even when story errors contradict well-known facts. The current study evaluated whether suggestibility is linked to participants' inability to judge story content as correct versus incorrect. Specifically, participants read stories containing correct and misleading information about the world; some information was familiar (making error discovery possible), while some was more obscure. To improve participants' monitoring ability, we highlighted (in red font) a subset of story phrases requiring evaluation; readers no longer needed to find factual information. Rather, they simply needed to evaluate its correctness. Readers were more likely to answer questions with story errors if they were highlighted in red font, even if they contradicted well-known facts. Although highlighting to-be-evaluated information freed cognitive resources for monitoring, an ironic effect occurred: Drawing attention to specific errors increased rather than decreased later suggestibility. Failure to monitor for errors, not failure to identify the information requiring evaluation, leads to suggestibility.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Memory
          Memory (Hove, England)
          Informa UK Limited
          1464-0686
          0965-8211
          Feb 2011
          : 19
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708-0086, USA. andrea.eslick@duke.edu
          Article
          933011138 NIHMS581306
          10.1080/09658211.2010.543908
          4084550
          21294039
          686efbc0-6584-4c2e-a20c-69448ad7b0b5
          History

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