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      Mediterranean countries facing the Mediterranean diet, are we still on track?: the example of Southern Spain midlife women Translated title: Los países mediterráneos ante la dieta mediterránea, ¿seguimos en el buen camino?: el ejemplo de las mujeres de mediana edad del sur de España

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          Abstract

          Introduction and Objectives: the overall intake of a cohort of middle aged women of Granada was studied along with their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics to evaluate if this population does really follow a Mediterranean Diet.Methods: 206 women aged 53.3 ± 5.5 years old, were evaluated for their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, Mediterranean diet score and bone mineral density. Results were additionally analyzed across weight status categories. Results: 86% of the sample was overweight or obese and 14% was normal-weight (no woman was underweight). Mean body fat percentage of the sample was 40.3%. Values of bone mineral density showed a t-score average of -1.26 standard deviations. Energy intake decreased as weight status increased (p<0.05), as well as protein intake (p<0.05) but no differences were observed for carbohydrates or fat. Deviations from the Daily Recommended Intakes were observed as well as a moderate adherence (23% of the sample) to the Mediterranean Diet with no significant differences among weight status categories.Conclusions: results indicated a progressive distancing from the Mediterranean dietary pattern and an unbalanced diet no correlated to the weight status group, so whether these dietary habits along with the unbalanced diet reported are prolonged over time the overweight and obese population will increase as well as the risk of developing chronic diseases, and will finally concur with the high prevalence of cardiovascular and osteoporosis risk over this population.

          Translated abstract

          Introducción y objetivos: se estudió la ingesta dietética de una cohorte de mujeres de mediana edad de Granada, junto a sus características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, para evaluar si esta población sigue una dieta mediterránea. Métodos: se evaluó la composición corporal, características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, patrones dietéticos y adhesión a la dieta mediterránea de 206 mujeres con una edad media de 53.3 ± 5.5 años. Adicionalmente, estos resultados fueron analizados por categorías de peso corporal. Resultados: el 86% de la muestra presentó sobrepeso u obesidad, mientras el 14% presentó normopeso. La masa grasa corporal media fue de el 40.3%. Los valores de densidad mineral ósea presentaron un t-score medio de -1.26 desviaciones estándar. Se observó que la ingesta dietética, así como el consumo de proteína, disminuyeron a medida que aumentó el peso corporal (p<0.05 en ambos casos); sin embargo, no se observaron estas diferencias en la ingesta de hidratos de carbono ni de grasas. Existieron desviaciones respecto a las ingestas dietéticas de referencia y una moderada adhesión a la dieta mediterránea, sin observarse diferencias significativas entre las distintas categorías de peso corporal.Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren un distanciamiento progresivo del patrón de dieta mediterránea y una dieta desequilibrada y no correlacionada con el peso corporal, de manera que si estos hábitos dietéticos se mantienen en el tiempo la población con sobrepeso y obesidad se incrementará y, de la misma manera, el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas asociadas, coincidiendo finalmente con la elevada prevalencia de riesgo cardiovascular y de osteoporosis observada actualmente en esta población.

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          Contributors
          Role: ND
          Role: ND
          Role: ND
          Role: ND
          Role: ND
          Role: ND
          Journal
          nh
          Nutrición Hospitalaria
          Nutr. Hosp.
          Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
          0212-1611
          1699-5198
          June 2015
          : 31
          : 6
          : 2523-2532
          Affiliations
          [01] Granada orgnameUniversity of Granada orgdiv1Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology orgdiv2Department of Physiology
          [02] Granada orgnameUniversity of Granada orgdiv1Faculty of Sport Sciences orgdiv2Department of Physical Education and Sports
          [03] Pinos Puente orgnamePinos Puente Clinical Management Unit Spain
          Article
          S0212-16112015000600025
          10.3305/nh.2015.31.6.8862
          68941068-3edd-4cb0-b02c-7db7a0f9d0f9

          This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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          Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 0, Pages: 10
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          SciELO Spain


          Osteoporosis,Obesidad,Enfermedad cardiovascular,Obesity,Women's Health,Mediterranean diet,Cardiovascular disease,Dieta mediterránea,Salud de la mujer

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