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      Activity Profile and Physical Performance of Match Play in Elite Futsal Players

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          Abstract

          Understanding the physical demands of futsal requires a precise quantification of the players’ activities during match play. This study aimed to (1) describe external load, identifying the differences between the first and second halves in official futsal matches; (2) identify the most important external workload metrics to profile the players; and (3) identify the collinearity between variables in the analysis of physical performance of futsal players. Match external load data were collected from male players ( n = 28) in six games of the Final Eight of the Portuguese Futsal Cup 2018. The players increased the distance covered per minute at 12–18 km/h in the second half ( p < 0.01). Dynamic stress load also increased in the second half ( p = 0.01). The variables that best predicted the physical profile of each player were decelerations (predictor importance, PI = 1), walking (PI = 1), sprinting (PI = 1), jogging (PI = 0.997), total distance covered per minute (PI = 0.992), and metabolic power (PI = 0.989). Decelerations showed the highest association with the clusters levels ( p < 0.001; PI = 1); this suggests decelerations as a potential candidate for best analyzing the physical load of futsal players. Overall, the data from this exploratory study suggest that distance covered per minute (m/min), number of sprints (>18 km/h), decelerations (greater than-2 m/s), and metabolic power (W/kg) are the variables that most discriminate the load intensity of elite futsal players.

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          Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement.

          Monitoring the load placed on athletes in both training and competition has become a very hot topic in sport science. Both scientists and coaches routinely monitor training loads using multidisciplinary approaches, and the pursuit of the best methodologies to capture and interpret data has produced an exponential increase in empirical and applied research. Indeed, the field has developed with such speed in recent years that it has given rise to industries aimed at developing new and novel paradigms to allow us to precisely quantify the internal and external loads placed on athletes and to help protect them from injury and ill health. In February 2016, a conference on "Monitoring Athlete Training Loads-The Hows and the Whys" was convened in Doha, Qatar, which brought together experts from around the world to share their applied research and contemporary practices in this rapidly growing field and also to investigate where it may branch to in the future. This consensus statement brings together the key findings and recommendations from this conference in a shared conceptual framework for use by coaches, sport-science and -medicine staff, and other related professionals who have an interest in monitoring athlete training loads and serves to provide an outline on what athlete-load monitoring is and how it is being applied in research and practice, why load monitoring is important and what the underlying rationale and prospective goals of monitoring are, and where athlete-load monitoring is heading in the future.
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            Monitoring training status with HR measures: do all roads lead to Rome?

            Measures of resting, exercise, and recovery heart rate are receiving increasing interest for monitoring fatigue, fitness and endurance performance responses, which has direct implications for adjusting training load (1) daily during specific training blocks and (2) throughout the competitive season. However, these measures are still not widely implemented to monitor athletes' responses to training load, probably because of apparent contradictory findings in the literature. In this review I contend that most of the contradictory findings are related to methodological inconsistencies and/or misinterpretation of the data rather than to limitations of heart rate measures to accurately inform on training status. I also provide evidence that measures derived from 5-min (almost daily) recordings of resting (indices capturing beat-to-beat changes in heart rate, reflecting cardiac parasympathetic activity) and submaximal exercise (30- to 60-s average) heart rate are likely the most useful monitoring tools. For appropriate interpretation at the individual level, changes in a given measure should be interpreted by taking into account the error of measurement and the smallest important change of the measure, as well as the training context (training phase, load, and intensity distribution). The decision to use a given measure should be based upon the level of information that is required by the athlete, the marker's sensitivity to changes in training status and the practical constrains required for the measurements. However, measures of heart rate cannot inform on all aspects of wellness, fatigue, and performance, so their use in combination with daily training logs, psychometric questionnaires and non-invasive, cost-effective performance tests such as a countermovement jump may offer a complete solution to monitor training status in athletes participating in aerobic-oriented sports.
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              Training Load Monitoring in Team Sports: A Novel Framework Separating Physiological and Biomechanical Load-Adaptation Pathways

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychol
                Front Psychol
                Front. Psychol.
                Frontiers in Psychology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-1078
                24 July 2020
                2020
                : 11
                : 1709
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior , Covilhã, Portugal
                [2] 2Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, CreativeLab Research Community , Vila Real, Portugal
                [3] 3Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora , Évora, Portugal
                [4] 4Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Universidade de Évora , Évora, Portugal
                [5] 5Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation , Oeiras, Portugal
                Author notes

                Edited by: Miguel-Angel Gomez-Ruano, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain

                Reviewed by: Corrado Lupo, University of Turin, Italy; Paweł Piotr Chmura, University School of Physical Education in Wrocław, Poland

                *Correspondence: João Nuno Ribeiro, joaonunorib@ 123456gmail.com

                This article was submitted to Movement Science and Sport Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01709
                7393767
                32793058
                68945973-09cf-49d7-b383-dcd010cebdb5
                Copyright © 2020 Ribeiro, Gonçalves, Coutinho, Brito, Sampaio and Travassos.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 20 May 2020
                : 22 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 9, Words: 0
                Funding
                Funded by: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia 10.13039/501100001871
                Categories
                Psychology
                Original Research

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                team sports,tracking,physical demands,competition,monitoring
                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                team sports, tracking, physical demands, competition, monitoring

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