0
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Comparison of the Respiratory Toxicity and Total Cholinesterase Activities in Dimethyl Versus Diethyl Paraoxon-Poisoned Rats

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          The chemical structure of organophosphate compounds (OPs) is a well-known factor which modifies the acute toxicity of these compounds. We compared ventilation at rest and cholinesterase activities in male Sprague-Dawley rats poisoned with dimethyl paraoxon (DMPO) and diethyl paraoxon (DEPO) at a subcutaneous dose corresponding to 50% of the median lethal dose (MLD). Ventilation at rest was recorded by whole body plethysmography. Total cholinesterase activities were determined by radiometric assay. Both organophosphates decreased significantly the respiratory rate, resulting from an increase in expiratory time. Dimethyl-induced respiratory toxicity spontaneously reversed within 120 min post-injection. Diethyl-induced respiratory toxicity was long-lasting, more than 180 min post-injection. Both organophosphates decreased cholinesterase activities from 10 to 180 min post-injection with the same degree of inhibition of total cholinesterase within an onset at the same times after injection. There were no significant differences in residual cholinesterase activities between dimethyl and diethyl paraoxon groups at any time. The structure of the alkoxy-group is a determinant factor of the late phase of poisoning, conditioning duration of toxicity without significant effects on the magnitude of alteration of respiratory parameters. For same duration and magnitude of cholinesterase inhibition, there was a strong discrepancy in the time-course of effects between the two compounds.

          Related collections

          Most cited references25

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Article: not found

          Suicide by intentional ingestion of pesticides: a continuing tragedy in developing countries.

            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Staircase bioassay: The up-and-down method

            W.J. Dixon (1991)
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Neurotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides. An intermediate syndrome.

              Acute neurotoxic effects during the cholinergic phase of organophosphorus insecticide poisoning and delayed neurotoxic effects appearing two to three weeks later are well recognized. We observed 10 patients who had paralysis of proximal limb muscles, neck flexors, motor cranial nerves, and respiratory muscles 24 to 96 hours after poisoning, after a well-defined cholinergic phase. The compounds involved were fenthion, monocrotophos, dimethoate, and methamidophos. Four patients urgently required ventilatory support. The paralytic symptoms lasted up to 18 days. A delayed polyneuropathy later developed in one patient. Three patients died. Electromyographic studies showed fade on tetanic stimulation, absence of fade on low-frequency stimulation, and absence of post-tetanic facilitation, suggestive of a postsynaptic defect. This neuromuscular junctional defect may have been the predominant cause of the paralytic symptoms, with neural and central components contributing to various degrees. Our patients appeared to have a distinct clinical entity (a so-called intermediate syndrome) that developed after the acute cholinergic crisis and before the expected onset of the delayed neuropathy.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Toxics
                Toxics
                toxics
                Toxics
                MDPI
                2305-6304
                16 April 2019
                June 2019
                : 7
                : 2
                : 23
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75015 Paris, France
                [2 ]Unité de Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la Santé (UTCBS), CNRS UMR8258-U1022, Faculté de Pharmacie Paris Descartes, Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
                [3 ]Département d’Anesthésie–Réanimation-SAMU de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75015 Paris, France; alice.hutin@ 123456aphp.fr (A.H.); marc.lejay@ 123456aphp.fr (M.L.); frederic.baud@ 123456wanadoo.fr (F.J.B.)
                [4 ]EA7323 Evaluation of Therapeutics and Pharmacology in Perinatality and Pediatrics-Hôpitaux Universitaires Cochin–Broca–Hôtel Dieu, Site Tarnier, Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France
                [5 ]Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: pascal.houze@ 123456aphp.fr ; Tel.: + 33-144-496-586
                Article
                toxics-07-00023
                10.3390/toxics7020023
                6631413
                30995784
                68bcd02d-678f-4881-a672-5fb881ea0a4c
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 26 February 2019
                : 13 April 2019
                Categories
                Article

                dimethyl paraoxon,diethyl paraoxon,rats,plethysmography,respiratory toxicity,cholinesterases

                Comments

                Comment on this article