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Abstract
A novel dihydroflavonol unprecedentedly with a prenyl group at C-2, nigragenon A (1),
four new sanggenon-type flavonones, nigragenons B-E (2-5), along with six known isoprenylated
flavonoids (6-11) were isolated from the twigs of Morus nigra. Their structures were
elucidated through extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. Interestingly, compound
1 was the first reported biogenetic precursor of sanggenon-type flavanones and the
biogenetic pathway from 1 to sanggenol F was proposed. The PPAR γ agonistic activity
was investigated in HEK293 cells using dual luciferase reporter assay. Compounds 2,
4, 7, and 9 showed obvious agonistic activities on PPAR γ, and compound 2 was a potential
PPAR γ partial agonist. Moreover, the preliminary structure-activity relationships
for the tested compounds were discussed.