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      Morphological and molecular characterization of Paratylenchus beltsvillensis n. sp. (Tylenchida: Paratylenchidae) from the rhizosphere of pine tree ( Pinus virginiana Mill) in Maryland, USA

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          Abstract

          The pin nematode, Paratylechus beltsvillensis n. sp. collected from rhizosphere soil of a Virginia pine tree ( Pinus virginiana Mill) growing in Little Paint Branch Park, Beltsville, Prince George’s County, Maryland, USA, is described and illustrated along with light and scanning electron photomicrographs. Females, males, and juveniles of this new species were recovered from soil samples using the sugar centrifugal flotation and Baermann funnel extraction methods. Morphologically, females are short, body length ranging from 245 to 267 μm, stylet from 70 to 75 μm long with anchor shaped knobs, vulva located at 70–73% and small vulval flap, spermatheca large, and ovoid filled with sperms. Lateral field with three incisures, of which the outer two are prominent. Tail slender, having a rounded tail terminus. Males without stylet and have a degenerated pharynx, spicules = 17–20 µm and gubernaculum = 5.0–5.5 µm. Both morphological observations and molecular analysis of ITS and partial 28S ribosomal RNA gene sequences indicated that the specimens collected from the soil at Beltsville Park from rhizosphere soil samples from Virginia pine represents a new pin nematode species.

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          MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models.

          MrBayes 3 performs Bayesian phylogenetic analysis combining information from different data partitions or subsets evolving under different stochastic evolutionary models. This allows the user to analyze heterogeneous data sets consisting of different data types-e.g. morphological, nucleotide, and protein-and to explore a wide variety of structured models mixing partition-unique and shared parameters. The program employs MPI to parallelize Metropolis coupling on Macintosh or UNIX clusters.
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            Phylogenetic analysis of Tylenchida Thorne, 1949 as inferred from D2 and D3 expansion fragments of the 28S rRNA gene sequences

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              Beech leaf disease symptoms caused by newly recognized nematode subspecies Litylenchus crenatae mccannii (Anguinata) described from Fagus grandifolia in North America

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Nematol
                J Nematol
                JOFNEM
                Journal of Nematology
                Exeley Inc.
                0022-300X
                2640-396X
                2021
                07 September 2021
                : 53
                : e2021-79
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory , USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD, 20705
                [2 ]Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food and Agriculture , 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA, 95832
                [3 ]Center of Parasitology of A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskii Prospect 33, Moscow, 117071, Russia
                [4 ]Electron and Confocal Microscopy , USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville, MD, 20705
                Author notes

                This paper was edited by Erik J. Ragsdale.

                Article
                e2021-79
                10.21307/jofnem-2021-079
                8425311
                691fd9ea-8917-4f1b-8f4b-4548dc295462
                © 2021 Authors

                This is an Open Access article licensed under the Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                : 18 March 2021
                Categories
                Life Sciences

                d2-d3 of 28s rrna gene,itsrrna gene,description,pinus virginiana,pin nematode,morphology,morphometrics,phylogeny,scanning electron microscopy,virginia pine

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