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      Multimodal integration of carbon dioxide and other sensory cues drives mosquito attraction to humans.

      Cell
      Aedes, physiology, Animals, Blood, Carbon Dioxide, Humans, Insect Proteins, genetics, metabolism, Insect Vectors, Lactic Acid, Odors, Receptors, Cell Surface

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          Abstract

          Multiple sensory cues emanating from humans are thought to guide blood-feeding female mosquitoes to a host. To determine the relative contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) detection to mosquito host-seeking behavior, we mutated the AaegGr3 gene, a subunit of the heteromeric CO2 receptor in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Gr3 mutants lack electrophysiological and behavioral responses to CO2. These mutants also fail to show CO2-evoked responses to heat and lactic acid, a human-derived attractant, suggesting that CO2 can gate responses to other sensory stimuli. Whereas attraction of Gr3 mutants to live humans in a large semi-field environment was only slightly impaired, responses to an animal host were greatly reduced in a spatial-scale-dependent manner. Synergistic integration of heat and odor cues likely drive host-seeking behavior in the absence of CO2 detection. We reveal a networked series of interactions by which multimodal integration of CO2, human odor, and heat orchestrates mosquito attraction to humans. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          24581501
          4007582
          10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.044

          Chemistry
          Aedes,physiology,Animals,Blood,Carbon Dioxide,Humans,Insect Proteins,genetics,metabolism,Insect Vectors,Lactic Acid,Odors,Receptors, Cell Surface

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