For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
7
views
37
references
 Top references
cited by
1
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      202
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Diamidines versus Monoamidines as Anti- Pneumocystis Agents: An in vivo Study

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Some compounds articulated around a piperazine or an ethylenediamine linker have been evaluated in vitro to determine their activity in the presence of a 3T6 fibroblast cell line and an axenic culture of Pneumocystis carinii, respectively. The most efficient antifungal derivatives, namely N, N′-bis(benzamidine-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine (compound 6, a diamidine) and N-(benzamidine-4-yl)- N′-phenylethane-1,2-diamine (compound 7, a monoamidine), exhibited no cytotoxicity and were evaluated in vivo in a rat model. Only the diamidine 6 emerged as a promising hit for further studies.

          Related collections

          Most cited references37

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia.

          Emilie Catherinot, Fanny Lanternier, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux … (2010)
          Pneumocystis jirovecii has gained attention during the last decade in the context of the AIDS epidemic and the increasing use of cytotoxic and immunosuppressive therapies. This article summarizes current knowledge on biology, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of pulmonary P jirovecii infection, with a particular focus on the evolving pathophysiology and epidemiology. Pneumocystis pneumonia still remains a severe opportunistic infection, associated with a high mortality rate. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
          Article 0 comments Cited 69 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Update on the diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia.

            Eva Carmona, Andrew Limper (2011)
            Pneumocystis is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes an often-lethal pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts. Although the organism was discovered in the early 1900s, the first cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia in humans were initially recognized in Central Europe after the Second World War in premature and malnourished infants. This unusual lung infection was known as plasma cellular interstitial pneumonitis of the newborn, and was characterized by severe respiratory distress and cyanosis with little or no fever and no pathognomic physical signs. At that time, only anecdotal cases were reported in adults and usually these patients had a baseline malignancy that led to a malnourished state. In the 1960-1970s additional cases were described in adults and children with hematological malignancies, but Pneumocystis pneumonia was still considered a rare disease. However, in the 1980s, with the onset of the HIV epidemic, Pneumocystis prevalence increased dramatically and became widely recognized as an opportunistic infection that caused potentially life-treating pneumonia in patients with impaired immunity. During this time period, prophylaxis against this organism was more generally instituted in high-risk patients. In the 1990s, with widespread use of prophylaxis and the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the treatment of HIV-infected patients, the number of cases in this specific population decreased. However, Pneumocystis pneumonia still remains an important cause of severe pneumonia in patients with HIV infection and is still considered a principal AIDS-defining illness. Despite the decreased number of cases among HIV-infected patients over the past decade, Pneumocystis pneumonia continues to be a serious problem in immunodeficient patients with other immunosuppressive conditions. This is mostly due to increased use of immunosuppressive medications to treat patients with autoimmune diseases, following bone marrow and solid organ transplantation, and in patients with hematological and solid malignancies. Patients with hematologic disorders and solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are currently the most vulnerable groups at risk for developing this infection. However, any patient with an impaired immunity, such as those receiving moderate doses of oral steroids for greater than 4 weeks or those receiving other immunosuppressive medications are at also at significant risk.
            Article 0 comments Cited 59 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Pneumocystis infection in humans: diagnosis and treatment.

              Lindsay Calderon, Isabelle Joly, Sonia Gutierrez … (2010)
              Pneumocystis jirovecii is an atypical fungus exhibiting pulmonary tropism and a highly defined host specificity. It is generally regarded as an opportunistic microorganism causing serious pneumonia in AIDS patients. However, with the currently rising number of patients receiving immunosuppressive therapies for malignancies, allogeneic organ transplantations and autoimmune diseases, Pneumocystis pneumonia is becoming more and more recognized in non-HIV immunosuppressed individuals. The clinical presentation in HIV-infected patients may differ from that in other immunocompromised patients and its diagnosis continues to be challenging as there are no specific symptoms or signs. Cotrimoxazole is the drug of choice for prophylaxis and therapy of any form or severity of Pneumocystis pneumonia, but there are only a few options for other alternative treatments. The management of this pneumonia remains a major challenge for all physicians caring for immunosuppressed patients.
              Article 0 comments Cited 35 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): pharmaceuticals
                Title: Pharmaceuticals
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8247
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 July 2013
                Publication date Collection: July 2013
                Volume: 6
                Issue: 7
                Pages: 837-850
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Mons-UMONS, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; E-Mails: dimitri.stanicki@ 123456umons.ac.be (D.S.); delphine.forge@ 123456umons.ac.be (D.F.)
                [2 ]Biology & Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens (BDEEP), Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, EA-4547, Univ Lille Nord de France, UDSL, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; E-Mails: muriel.pottier@ 123456univ-lille2.fr (M.P.); nausicaa.gantois@ 123456pasteur-lille.fr (N.G.); mtz.anna@ 123456gmail.com (A.M.); eduardo.deicas@ 123456gmail.com (E.D.-C.); elmoukhtar.aliouat-3@ 123456univ-lille2.fr (E-.M.A.)
                [3 ]EA2694, Department of Biostatistics, Université de Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France; E-Mail: claire.pincon@ 123456univ-lille2.fr
                [4 ]Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-UMONS, B-7000 Mons, Belgium; E-Mails: isabelle.mahieu@ 123456umons.ac.be (I.M.); sebastien.boutry@ 123456umons.ac.be (S.B.)
                [5 ]CHU Lille, Biology & Pathology Center, Parasitology-Mycology, F-59000 Lille, France
                Author notes
                [* ] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: jean-jacques.vandeneynde@ 123456umons.ac.be ; Tel.: +32-65-373337.
                Article
                Publisher ID: pharmaceuticals-06-00837
                DOI: 10.3390/ph6070837
                PMC ID: 3816707
                SO-VID: 6a1bad87-1a7b-4db3-b5ef-6e5653e8bb41
                Copyright © © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
                License:

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                Date received : 22 April 2013
                Date revision received : 14 May 2013
                Date accepted : 17 June 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: pneumocystis,pentamidine,diamidine
                Data availability:
                Keywords: pneumocystis, pentamidine, diamidine

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content202

                See all similar

                Cited by1

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors705

                See all reference authors