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      Genetic diversity of Hepatozoon spp. in rodents from Chile Translated title: Diversidade genética de Hepatozoon spp. em roedores do Chile

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          Abstract

          Abstract This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of Hepatozoon spp. in rodents from Valdivia, Chile. A total of 74 rodents (synanthropic n=38; wild n=36) were trapped in Valdivia. We performed conventional PCR assays for Apicomplexa organisms targeting two overlapping 18S rDNA gene fragments (600 bp and 900 bp) followed by sequencing of selected amplicons. Hepatozoon spp. occurrence was 82.43% (61/74). Twelve sequences obtained from the 600 bp and ten from the 900 bp 18S rDNA fragments were identified as Hepatozoon sp. Six sequences obtained from 18S rDNA-based overlapping PCR protocols were used for concatenated (1,400 bp) phylogenetic, haplotype and distance analyses. Hepatozoon spp. 18S rDNA concatenated sequences from the present study were detected in Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus, and Abrothrix longipilis grouped with Hepatozoon species earlier described in rodents and reptiles from Chile and Brazil. Nucleotide polymorphism of the six 18S rDNA sequences (1,400 bp) from this study, and other Chilean sequences from rodents and rodent’s ticks, showed high diversity with a total of nine Chilean haplotypes. Three haplotypes from Valdivia were identified for the first time in this study, suggesting the circulation of novel haplotypes in rodents from southern Chile.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a diversidade genética de Hepatozoon spp. em roedores de Valdivia, Chile. Um total de 74 roedores (sinantrópicos n=38; selvagens n=36) foram capturados. PCR convencional foi realizada para organismos Apicomplexa, visando dois fragmentos sobrepostos do gene 18S rDNA (600 bp e 900 bp), seguida pelo sequenciamento de amplicons selecionados. A ocorrência de Hepatozoon spp. foi de 82,43% (61/74). Doze sequências obtidas dos fragmentos de 18S rDNA de 600 pb e dez dos fragmentos de 18S rDNA de 900 pb foram identificadas como Hepatozoon sp. Seis sequências obtidas, a partir de protocolos de PCR sobrepostos, foram usadas para análises filogenéticas (1.400 bp), de haplótipos e de distância. Sequências concatenadas 18S rDNA do presente estudo foram detectadas em Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus e Abrothrix longipilis e agrupadas com Hepatozoon descrito em roedores e répteis do Chile e do Brasil. A análise de polimorfismos das seis sequências deste estudo, junto com outras sequências chilenas de roedores e carrapatos de roedores, mostrou alta diversidade com um total de nove haplótipos no Chile. Três haplótipos detectados em Valdivia foram identificados pela primeira vez neste estudo, sugerindo que novos haplótipos circulam em roedores do sul do Chile.

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          Most cited references73

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          Basic local alignment search tool.

          A new approach to rapid sequence comparison, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), directly approximates alignments that optimize a measure of local similarity, the maximal segment pair (MSP) score. Recent mathematical results on the stochastic properties of MSP scores allow an analysis of the performance of this method as well as the statistical significance of alignments it generates. The basic algorithm is simple and robust; it can be implemented in a number of ways and applied in a variety of contexts including straightforward DNA and protein sequence database searches, motif searches, gene identification searches, and in the analysis of multiple regions of similarity in long DNA sequences. In addition to its flexibility and tractability to mathematical analysis, BLAST is an order of magnitude faster than existing sequence comparison tools of comparable sensitivity.
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            DnaSP v5: a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data.

            DnaSP is a software package for a comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data. Version 5 implements a number of new features and analytical methods allowing extensive DNA polymorphism analyses on large datasets. Among other features, the newly implemented methods allow for: (i) analyses on multiple data files; (ii) haplotype phasing; (iii) analyses on insertion/deletion polymorphism data; (iv) visualizing sliding window results integrated with available genome annotations in the UCSC browser. Freely available to academic users from: (http://www.ub.edu/dnasp).
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              popart: full-feature software for haplotype network construction

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbpv
                Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária
                Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.
                Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária (Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil )
                0103-846X
                1984-2961
                2021
                : 30
                : 4
                : e012721
                Affiliations
                [04] Jaboticabal orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista orgdiv1Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinarias orgdiv2Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única Brazil
                [01] Valdivia Los Ríos orgnameUniversidad Austral de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias orgdiv2Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias Chile
                [03] Valdivia Los Ríos orgnameUniversidad Austral de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Instituto de Microbiologia Clínica Chile
                [02] Valdivia Los Ríos orgnameUniversidad Austral de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias orgdiv2Insituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria Chile
                [05] Basseterre Saint Kitts and Nevis orgnameRoss University School of Veterinary Medicine orgdiv1Department of Biomedical Sciences orgdiv2One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine West Indies
                Article
                S1984-29612021000400302 S1984-2961(21)03000400302
                10.1590/s1984-29612021082
                34755807
                6a518c97-2d85-4429-b78c-62c2fcda65b2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 September 2021
                : 03 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 73, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Original Article

                PCR,América do Sul,filogenia,rodentia,hepatozoonose,Apicomplexa,South America,phylogenetics,hepatozoonosis,Apicomplexan

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