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      Determinación de metales pesados mediante fluorescencia de rayos X en sedimentos del agua en la microcuenca del río Huancaray, Apurímac-Perú, para periodos de estiaje y lluvia Translated title: Determination of heavy metals by X-ray fluorescence in water sediments in the Huancaray river micro-basin, Apurímac - Perú, for periods of low water and rain

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          Abstract

          Los metales pesados continuamente se transportan a través de la superficie del suelo, los organismos, el agua y la atmósfera, haciéndose parte del ciclo biogeoquímico, como procesos complejos que se interrelacionan en la naturaleza, generando contaminación y problemas ambientales, sociales, económicos y políticos a las poblaciones, las elevadas concentraciones de metales pesados en las cuencas hídricas se han convertido en alto riesgo para la salud humana, siendo muy dañinos por no ser biodegradable, larga vida medica biológica y su potencial de acumulación en diferentes partes del cuerpo, la zona de estudio es una un área de extensión agrícola mayor, genera un movimiento económico en la población, que directa e indirectamente dependen de la agricultura y ganadería; el estudio se dedicó a determinar mediante la técnica de análisis por fluorescencia de rayos X los niveles de concentraciones de metales pesados en sedimentos del agua en la microcuenca del río Huancaray para el periodo de estiaje y de lluvias, las precipitaciones acumulada anual es 695 mm, la concentración de metales pesados en muestras de sedimentos recogidas de 05 puntos entre 10 a 20 cm de profundidad se determinó por la técnica de fluorescencia de rayos X con fuente de Cad-109, los elementos pesados detectados a distintas concentraciones fueron K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb y Ba, las concentraciones de la mayoría de los elementos detectados superan a los valores de los materiales de referencia, no existe diferencia significativa para periodo de lluvias y estiaje, las aguas de la microcuenca del río Huancaray parcialmente se encuentra contaminadas hacia la parte alta de la microcuenca, mientras la parte baja está totalmente contaminada por metales pesados, las elevadas contaminación se atribuye a fuentes naturales y antropogénicas.

          Translated abstract

          Heavy metals are continuously transported through the surface of the soil, organisms, water and atmosphere, becoming part of the biogeochemical cycle, as complex processes that are interrelated in nature, generating pollution and environmental, social, economic and political problems to populations, the high concentrations of heavy metals in the water basins have become a high risk for human health, being very harmful for not being biodegradable, long biological medical life and its potential for accumulation in different parts of the body, the study area is a larger agricultural area, generates an economic movement in the population, which directiy and indirectiy depend on agriculture and livestock; The study was dedicated to determine by means of the technique of analysis by fluorescence of X rays the levels of concentrations of heavy metals in sediments of the water in the micro watershed of the Huancaray river for the period of low water and of rains, the accumulated annual precipitation is 695 mm, the concentration of heavy metals in samples of sediments collected from 05 points between 10 to 20 cm of depth was determined by the technique of fluorescence of X rays with source of Cad-109, the heavy elements detected to different concentrations were K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb and Ba, the concentrations of most of the detected elements exceed the values of the reference materials, there is no significant difference for rainy and low water periods, the waters of the micro-basin of the Huancaray river are partially contaminated towards the upper part of the micro-basin, while the lower part is totally contaminated by heavy metals, the high contamination is attributed to natural and anthropogenic sources.

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          Most cited references23

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          Assessment of trace metal distribution and contamination in surface soils of Hong Kong

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            Spatial Distribution and Contamination Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Topsoils from Las Tunas City, Cuba

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              Assessment of the distribution, bioavailability and ecological risks of heavy metals in the lake water and surface sediments of the Caohai plateau wetland, China

              In this study, selected heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn) in the lake water and sediments from the Caohai wetland, which is a valuable state reserve for migrant birds in China, were investigated to assess the spatial distribution, sources, bioavailability and ecological risks. The results suggested that most of the higher concentrations were found in the eastern region of the lakeshore. The concentration factor (CF) revealed that Hg, Cd and Zn were present from moderate risk levels to considerable risk levels in this study; thus, based on the high pollution load index (PLI) values, the Caohai wetland can be considered polluted. According to the associated effects-range classification, Cd may present substantial environmental hazards. An investigation of the chemical speciation suggested that Cd and Zn were unstable across most of the sites, which implied a higher risk of quick desorption and release. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the heavy metal contamination originated from both natural and anthropogenic sources.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ran
                Acta Nova
                RevActaNova.
                Universidad Católica Boliviana (Cochabamba, , Bolivia )
                1683-0789
                March 2020
                : 9
                : 4
                : 504-523
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameInstituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear orgdiv1Área de Investigación Perú
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Nacional José María Arguedas orgdiv1Dirección Académica de Ciencias Básicas odiloncorrea@ 123456unajma.edu.pe
                Article
                S1683-07892020000100003 S1683-0789(20)00900400003
                6a8a4ba9-527e-47de-97df-40c9fcf82ade

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 March 2020
                : 28 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 20
                Product

                SciELO Bolivia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos científicos

                estiaje,precipitación,metales pesados,fluorescencia de rayos X,sedimentos,stiffness,precipitation,heavy metals,X-ray fluorescence,sediments

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