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      Confort de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos: una revisión integradora Translated title: Comfort of patients in palliative care: an integrative review Translated title: Conforto de pacientes em cuidados paliativos: revisão integrativa

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Objetivo: Identificar y sintetizar las investigaciones que tratan sobre el confort de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos. Método: Revisión integradora en 11 bases de datos, con la siguiente pregunta de investigación: "¿Cuáles son las estrategias utilizadas para minimizar las necesidades de confort de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos?". Los estudios seleccionados se sometieron a análisis de contenido, con la ayuda del software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires - IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Se identificaron 8.109 artículos. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron y analizaron 16 artículos. El dendograma generado en el análisis realizado con la ayuda del software IRAMUTEQ facilitó la identificación de las principales estrategias utilizadas para minimizar las necesidades de confort de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos, a saber: red de apoyo social, intervenciones de confort y comunicación en cuidados paliativos. Conclusión: La síntesis de los estudios analizados indicó que las principales estrategias utilizadas para disminuir las necesidades de confort de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos son el apoyo (del equipo, social y familiar), contacto físico, afecto, comunicación, conocimiento, alivio del dolor, amabilidad, baño, musicoterapia, radioterapia, contacto con el entorno externo (naturaleza), juego, contacto con otras personas y espiritualidad. Los estudios han demostrado que varias intervenciones no farmacológicas, que parecen triviales y de poca complejidad tecnológica (como disponibilidad, afecto, apoyo, baño), tienen la capacidad de afectar significativamente el estado de confort de los pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Objective Identify and synthesize the research on the comfort of patients in palliative care. Method: Integrative review in 11 databases, with the following research question: "What are the strategies used to minimize the comfort needs of patients in palliative care?". The selected studies were submitted to content analysis; with the aid of the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires - IRAMUTEQ. Results: The research identified 8,109 articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were selected and analyzed. The dendogram generated in the analysis performed with the aid of the IRAMUTEQ software made easier the identification of the main strategies used to minimize the comfort needs of patients in palliative care, as follows: social support network, comfort interventions and communication in palliative care. Conclusion: The synthesis of the studies analyzed indicated that the main strategies used to reduce the patients' comfort needs in palliative care are support (from the team, social and family), physical contact, affection, communication, knowledge, pain relief, kindness, bathing, music therapy, radiotherapy, contact with the external environment (nature), recreation, contact with other people and spirituality. The studies showed that several non-pharmacological interventions, which seem trivial and of little technological complexity (such as availability, affection, support, bathing), have the ability to significantly affect the patients' state of comfort.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO: Objetivo: Identificar e sintetizar as pesquisas que versam sobre o conforto dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Método: Revisão integrativa em 11 bases de dados, com a seguinte questão de pesquisa: “Quais são as estratégias utilizadas para minimizar as necessidades de conforto dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos?”. Os estudos selecionados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo, com auxílio do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires - IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: Foram identificados 8.109 artigos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados e analisados 16 artigos. O dendograma gerado na análise realizada com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ facilitou a identificação das principais estratégias utilizadas para minimizar as necessidades de conforto dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos, a saber: rede social de apoio, intervenções de conforto e a comunicação nos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: A síntese dos estudos analisados indicou que as principais estratégias utilizadas para diminuir as necessidades de conforto dos pacientes em cuidados paliativos são o apoio (da equipe, social e familiar), contato físico, carinho, comunicação, conhecimento, alívio da dor, gentileza, banho, musicoterapia, radioterapia, contato com o ambiente externo (natureza), brincar, contato com outras pessoas e a espiritualidade. Os estudos demonstraram que várias intervenções não farmacológicas, que parecem triviais e de pouca complexidade tecnológica (como disponibilidade, carinho, apoio, banho), tem a capacidade de afetar significativamente o estado de conforto dos pacientes.

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          Most cited references30

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          Social networks in adult life and a preliminary examination of the convoy model.

          This paper examines the social support networks of older adults. Based upon the Kahn and Antonucci (1980) life course social support model, a national sample of adults aged 50 and older (N = 718) was interviewed, generating support networks consisting of an average of 8.9 members. The respondents were asked questions of the structural (e.g., age, sex, closeness, years known, proximity, and frequency of contact) and functional (number and type of supports provided and received) characteristics of their social networks. These characteristics and relationships are described in detail.
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            Perceptions of palliative care among patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers

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              • Article: not found

              The effects of guided imagery on comfort, depression, anxiety, and stress of psychiatric inpatients with depressive disorders.

              This article describes the efficacy of a guided imagery intervention for decreasing depression, anxiety, and stress and increasing comfort in psychiatric inpatients with depressive disorders. A quasi-experimental design sampled 60 short-term hospitalized depressive patients selected consecutively. The experimental group listened to a guided imagery compact disk once a day for 10 days. The Psychiatric Inpatients Comfort Scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) were self-administered at two time points: prior to the intervention (T1) and 10 days later (T2). Comfort and DASS-21 were also assessed in the usual care group at T1 and T2. Repeated measures revealed that the treatment group had significantly improved comfort and decreased depression, anxiety, and stress over time.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2021
                : 20
                : 61
                : 420-465
                Affiliations
                [3] Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília Brazil
                [2] orgname Brasil
                [1] Distrito Federal orgnameUniversidade de Brasília Brazil marianacristinassouza@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1695-61412021000100017 S1695-6141(21)02006100017
                10.6018/eglobal.420751
                6a9b8ad4-fd57-4c14-b7c8-995b4f1e205a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 May 2020
                : 31 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 46
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Revisiones

                Conforto do Paciente,Enfermería,Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida,Cuidado Paliativo,Comodidad del Paciente,Tanatologia,Cuidados Paliativos,Enfermagem,Thanatology,Patient Comfort,Palliative Care in the End of Life,Tanatología,Nursing,Palliative Care,Cuidados Paliativos al Final de la Vida

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