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      Síndrome de realimentación en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn agudizada tras fracaso primario a infliximab Translated title: Refeeding syndrome in a patient with acute Crohn's disease after primary failure to infliximab

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          Abstract

          Resumen Se define síndrome de realimentación (SR) como el conjunto de alteraciones metabólicas que ocurren durante la repleción nutricional, en pacientes que están severamente desnutridos. Se manifiesta con hipofosfatemia, hipopotasemia e hipomagnesemia, anomalías en el balance de fluidos, alteraciones en el metabolismo de hidratos de carbono y deficiencias vitamínicas, por ejemplo, tiamina. Clínicamente produce alteraciones neurológicas, respiratorias, cardiovasculares y hematológicas pocos días después del inicio de la realimentación, lo que conlleva a un aumento de la morbilidad-mortalidad del paciente. Existen factores predisponentes a la aparición del SR: disminución ponderal de mas del 10% del peso en las 4 semanas previas y enfermedades crónicas como enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (enfermedad de Crohn o colitis ulcerosa). Se presenta el caso de un paciente con enfermedad de Crohn en tratamiento con infliximab que acude al hospital por dolor, y síntomas digestivos, acompañado de estado nutricional deficiente en el que se controla el soporte nutricional durante el ingreso. Tras 12 días presenta sintomatología propia de SR que precisa ingreso en UCI. Después de la intervención nutricional y tras reposición hidroelectrolítica se revalúa la terapia biológica y se decide cambio de diana terapéutica a ustekinumab. Tras más de un mes de ingreso en el hospital (a cargo de Medicina Interna, Endocrinología, UCI y hospitalización domiciliaria) el paciente reestablece el estado nutricional y refiere mejoría de la sintomatología digestiva. Es fundamental la prevención del SR en esta patología con alto riesgo de desnutrición manteniendo la restricción calórica y la reposición hidroelectrolítica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Refeeding syndrome (RS) is defined as the set of metabolic alterations that occur during nutritional repletion, in patients who are severely malnourished. It manifests with hypophosphatemia, hypokalaemia and hypomagnesemia, abnormalities in fluid balance, alterations in carbohydrate metabolism, and vitamin deficiencies, eg, thiamine. Clinically, it produces neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular and hematological alterations a few days after the start of refeeding, which leads to an increase in patient morbidity and mortality. There are predisposing factors to the appearance of SR: weight loss of more than 10% of the weight in the previous 4 weeks and chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis). We present the case of a patient with Crohn's disease under treatment with Infliximab who came to the hospital due to pain and digestive symptoms, accompanied by poor nutritional status in which nutritional support was controlled during admission. After 12 days, he presented symptoms of RS that required admission to the ICU. After the nutritional intervention and after hydroelectrolyte replacement, biological therapy was re-evaluated and a decision was made to change the therapeutic target to ustekinumab. After more than a month of admission to the Hospital (in charge of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, ICU and home hospitalization) the patient reestablishes the nutritional status and refers to an improvement in digestive symptoms. It is essential to prevent RS in this pathology with a high risk of malnutrition, maintaining caloric restriction and hydroelectrolyte replacement.

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          Refeeding syndrome following exclusive enteral nutritional treatment in Crohn disease.

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            Refeeding syndrome in a patient with Crohn's disease.

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              Sindrome de realimentación

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ofil
                Revista de la OFIL
                Rev. OFIL·ILAPHAR
                Organización de Farmacéuticos Ibero-Latinoamericanos (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1131-9429
                1699-714X
                June 2022
                : 32
                : 2
                : 211-213
                Affiliations
                [1] Estella Navarra orgnameHospital Garcia Orcoyen orgdiv1Servicio de Farmacia España smiturriaga@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1699-714X2022000200017 S1699-714X(22)03200200017
                10.4321/s1699-714x2022000200017
                6aad6551-ce5f-414b-9443-52a188241cca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 January 2021
                : 11 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 5, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Casos Clínicos

                Refeeding syndrome,enfermedad de Crohn,Síndrome de realimentación,Crohn's disease

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