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      Fluctuación estacional de moscas de la fruta Anastrepha spp. y Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) en trampas McPhail en Piura y en Ica, Perú

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          Abstract

          Se realizó un estudio sobre la diversidad, la fluctuación estacional y la proporción sexual de Moscas de la fruta (Tephritidae) entre enero y diciembre del 2002, capturadas con trampas McPhail de plástico en los departamentos de Piura e Ica, Perú. En el Valle Alto Piura y en Ica en cuatro valles (Chincha, Pisco, Ica y Nazca) se evaluó el n° de moscas capturadas/trampa/semana, identificándose tres especies en común: Anastrepha distincta Greene, 1934, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), y Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824). En Piura se encontró exclusivamente a Anastrepha chiclayae Greene, 1934, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) y Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868. En cambio en Ica exclusivamente se registró a Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann, 1830). Piura presentó una mayor riqueza de tephritidae en comparación a Ica. En Piura, la especie dominante y constante fue A. obliqua y en Ica fue C. capitata. El índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H') no presentó fluctuaciones estacionales en Piura; en cambio en Ica fue más alto en primavera-verano. Las poblaciones de A. fraterculus se incrementaron en el verano en Piura e Ica. En adición, para C. capitata y el total de moscas de la fruta se observó un aumento en verano en Piura y en otoño en Ica. A. obliqua en Piura no presentó fluctuaciones estacionales. Del total de especimenes capturados en Ica, el 66,5% fueron hembras y el 33,5% fueron machos. En Piura, el 60,5% fueron hembras y el 39,5% fueron machos. La proporción sexual global de macho-hembra fue de 1:1,7 (63,5 % hembras y 36,5% machos). La temperatura y la presencia de especies frutícolas hospedantes de moscas de la fruta en estado de maduración explican las fluctuaciones observadas.

          Translated abstract

          A study on diversity, seasonal fluctuation and sex ratio of fruit-flies (Tephritidae) was performed between January and December, 2002, using with plastic McPhail traps in Piura and Ica state, Peru. At Valle Alto Piura and in four vallies (Chincha, Pisco, Ica and Nazca) at Ica the number of fruit-flies captured trap-1 week-1 was recorded, and three species in common: Anastrepha distincta Greene, 1934, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) were identified. In Piura Anastrepha chiclayae Greene, 1934, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart, 1835) and Anastrepha striata Schiner, 1868 were found exclusively. On the other hand, traps in Ica exclusively captured Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann, 1830). Piura presented a higher richness of tephritidae in comparison to Ica. In Piura, the dominant and constant species was A. obliqua while in Ica it was C. capitata. Shannon-Wiener (H') diversity index did not show seasonal fluctuations in Piura; but in Ica its values were higher in spring-summer. A. fraterculus populations increased in Piura and Ica in the summer. In addition, C. capitata and fruit-flies in general registered an increase in Piura in the summer and in Ica in the fall. A. obliqua in Piura did not show seasonal fluctuations. Of the total of specimens captured in Ica, 66.5% were females and 33.5% were males. In Piura, 60.5% were females and 39.5% were males. Global sex ratio of males-females was 1:1.7, with 63.5% females and 36.5% males. Temperature and ripening host fruit species presence explained diversity and observed fluctuations.

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          Métodos para medir la biodiversidad.

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            Composition and abundance of zooplankton in the limnetic zone of seven reservoirs of the Paranapanema River, Brazil

            The species composition and abundance of the zooplankton community of seven reservoirs of the Paranapanema River, located between 22º37'-23º11'S and 48º55'-50º32'W, were analysed over four periods, in the year of 1979. The zooplankton community was composed of 76 species of Rotifera, 26 species of Cladocera and 7 species of Copepoda. For a large part of the period under study the Rotifera were dominant, followed by Copepoda. The Piraju and Salto Grande reservoirs, which occupy intermediate positions in the cascade of reservoirs, were richest in species, most of them belonging to Rotifera and Cladocera. In the reservoirs Rio Pari and Rio Novo, lateral to the cascade of reservoirs, a lower species richness was observed, although higher densities of organisms were found than in the other reservoirs located in the main river body. Different rotifer species occurred in succession, being abundant in different periods, with no defined pattern. Among the copepods, Thermocyclops decipiens predominated in the majority of the reservoirs. Ceriodaphnia cornuta was the most abundant cladoceran in the intermediate reservoirs of the cascade, and Daphnia gessneri, Bosminopsis deitersi and Moina minuta, in the reservoirs lateral to the cascade. The most frequent zooplankton species were Notodiaptomus conifer, Thermocyclops decipiens, Ceriodaphnia cornuta cornuta and C. cornuta rigaudi, Daphnia gessneri, Bosmina hagmanni, Keratella cochlearis and Polyarthra vulgaris. Some relationships were found between the trophic state of the reservoirs and the zooplankton community.
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              Species Diversity of Frugivorous Flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea) from Hosts in the Cerrado of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

              Thirty-five fruit species were sampled in seven municipalities located in the cerrado of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (January 1993 to March 1997) in a study to evaluate the infestation by frugivorous flies. Species of six genera of Tephritoidea were reared from 29 host fruits: Anastrepha Schiner, Ceratitis MacLeay (Tephritidae); Dasiops Rondani, Lonchaea Fallén, Neosilba McAlpine, (Lonchaeidae) and Notogramma Loew (Otitidae). Fruit flies (Tephritidae) were found in 19 host fruits and were represented by 11 species: Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.), A. grandis (Macquart), A. montei Lima, A. obliqua (Macquart), A. pickeli Lima, A. sororcula Zucchi, A. striata Schiner, A. turpiniae Stone, A. zenildae Zucchi, Anastrepha n. sp. and Ceratitis capitata (Wied.). From Lonchaeidae were reared: Dasiops inedulis Steyskal, Dasiops spp., Lonchaea spp., Neosilba zadolicha McAlpine and Neosilba spp. The species of Neosilba were the most abundant, occourring in 22 host fruits. Notogramma was the only genus of Otitidae obtained. The association between frugivorous flies and the fruit species is discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                azm
                Acta zoológica mexicana
                Acta Zool. Mex
                Instituto de Ecología A.C. (Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico )
                0065-1737
                2448-8445
                2008
                : 24
                : 3
                : 33-44
                Affiliations
                [02] Lima orgnameUniversidad Nacional Federico Villarreal orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática orgdiv2Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Animal Perú joseiannacone@ 123456yahoo.es
                [01] Lima orgnameServicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria orgdiv1Laboratorios de Sanidad Vegetal Perú nnolasco@ 123456senasa.gob.pe
                Article
                S0065-17372008000300003 S0065-1737(08)02400300003
                6ac48747-ebaf-4b6a-9081-bbf8b820f13b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 April 2008
                : 19 October 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Peru,seasonality,fruit flies,diversity,Perú,moscas de la fruta,estacionalidad,diversidad

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