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      Fresado a bajas revoluciones sin irrigación versus fresado a altas revoluciones con irrigación para la preparación del lecho implantológico: una revisión bibliográfica de estudios clínicos Translated title: Low-speed drilling without irrigation versus high-speed drilling with irrigation for implant bed preparation: a literature review of clinical studies

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El fresado a bajas revoluciones sin irrigación ha sido descrito como una técnica para la preparación del lecho implantológico. Diversas ventajas sobre el fresado convencional han sido reportadas, sin embargo, existe la sospecha de que el sobrecalentamiento óseo pueda afectar los parámetros clínicos relacionados con el implante dental. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar las diferencias clínicas entre el fresado de baja velocidad sin irrigación y el fresado de alta velocidad con irrigación para la preparación del lecho implantológico. Un total de 124 artículos fueron encontrados y finalmente 9 artículos se incluyeron en la revisión. La evidencia científica actual muestra tasas de éxito y pérdida ósea marginal periimplantaria sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dos técnicas. Además, la mayor cantidad y las mejores características histomorfológicas y celulares del hueso recolectado mediante el fresado a bajas revoluciones sin irrigación suponen una ventaja a tener en cuenta. El calentamiento óseo se mantiene por debajo de la temperatura crítica para la osteonecrosis térmica en ambas técnicas. En conclusión, el fresado a bajas revoluciones sin irrigación puede considerarse una técnica segura y predecible tanto como el fresado convencional. Además, la obtención de hueso autólogo en mayor cantidad y con mejores características celulares pueden aportar al clínico un recurso eficaz para ciertas situaciones clínicas. Aunque se necesitan mayor número de estudios clínicos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Low-speed drilling without irrigation has been described as a technique for preparing the implant bed. Different advantages over conventional drilling have been mentioned, however, the suspicion of bone overheating and therefore its possible affectation to the clinical parameters related to the dental implant. The aim of this review was to assess the clinical differences between low-speed drilling without irrigation and high-speed drilling with irrigation for implant site preparation. A total of 124 articles were found and finally 9 articles were included in the review. Current scientific evidence shows success rates and marginal peri-implant bone loss without statistically significant differences between the two techniques. In addition, the greater quantity and the better histomorphological and cellular characteristics of the bone collected by drilling at low revolutions without irrigation represent an advantage to be taken into account. Bone temperature is maintained below the critical temperature for thermal osteonecrosis for the both techniques. In conclusion, low-speed reaming without irrigation may require as much a safe and predictable technique as conventional reaming. In addition, obtaining autologous bone in greater quantities and with better cellular characteristics can provide the clinician with an effective resource for certain clinical situations. However, more clinical studies are needed.

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          Most cited references31

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          Osseointegrated titanium implants. Requirements for ensuring a long-lasting, direct bone-to-implant anchorage in man.

          A total of 2895 threaded, cylindrical titanium implants have been inserted into the mandible or the maxilla and 124 similar implants have been installed in the tibial, temporal or iliac bones in man for various bone restorative procedures. The titanium screws were implanted without the use of cement, using a meticulous technique aiming at osseointegration--a direct contact between living bone and implant. Thirty-eight stable and integrated screws were removed for various reasons from 18 patients. The interface zone between bone and implant was investigated using X-rays, SEM, TEM and histology. The SEM study showed a very close spatial relationship between titanium and bone. The pattern of the anchorage of collagen filaments to titanium appeared to be similar to that of Sharpey's fibres to bone. No wear products were seen in the bone or soft tissues in spite of implant loading times up to 90 months. The soft tissues were also closely adhered to the titanium implant, thereby forming a biological seal, preventing microorganism infiltration along the implant. The implants in many cases had been allowed to permanently penetrate the gingiva and skin. This caused no adverse tissue effects. An intact bone-implant interface was analyzed by TEM, revealing a direct bone-to-implant interface contact also at the electron microscopic level, thereby suggesting the possibility of a direct chemical bonding between bone and titanium. It is concluded that the technique of osseointegration is a reliable type of cement-free bone anchorage for permanent prosthetic tissue substitutes. At present, this technique is being tried in clinical joint reconstruction. In order to achieve and to maintain such a direct contact between living bone and implant, threaded, unalloyed titanium screws of defined finish and geometry were inserted using a delicate surgical technique and were allowed to heal in situ, without loading, for a period of at least 3--4 months.
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            Evaluation of survival and success rates of dental implants reported in longitudinal studies with a follow-up period of at least 10 years: a systematic review.

            The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the survival and success rates of osseointegrated implants determined in longitudinal studies that conducted a follow-up of at least 10 years. A broad electronic search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant publications in indexed journals, evaluating the clinical performance of dental implants. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers analyzed titles, abstracts, and complete articles, prioritizing studies of the randomized clinical trial type. A total of 23 articles were included in this review. Ten prospective studies, nine retrospective studies, and four randomized clinical trials, which evaluated 7711 implants, were selected. The mean follow-up time of the studies included was 13.4 years. All of the studies reported survival rates and mean marginal bone resorption values, with cumulative mean values of 94.6% and 1.3mm, respectively. Fourteen studies related success rates. Taking into consideration the disparate outcome measures employed to assess dental implant performance and within the limitations of this systematic review, we may affirm that osseointegrated implants are safe and present high survival rates and minimal marginal bone resorption in the long term.
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              Temperature threshold levels for heat-induced bone tissue injury: a vital-microscopic study in the rabbit.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                odonto
                Avances en Odontoestomatología
                Av Odontoestomatol
                Ediciones Avances, S.L. (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0213-1285
                2340-3152
                September 2023
                : 39
                : 3
                : 18-25
                Affiliations
                [1] Valencia orgnameUniversidad de Valencia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina y Odontología orgdiv2Departamento de Estomatología. Unidad de Cirugía Oral España
                Article
                S0213-12852023000300003 S0213-1285(23)03900300003
                6b44df30-3e5b-4795-8d89-1fd72063e4b9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : May 2023
                : March 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos

                osteotomía,irrigation,implante dental,fresado,Revisión bibliográfica,dental implant,osteotomy,drilling,literature review

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