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      Cytokine Adsorptive Property of Various Adsorbents in Immunoadsorption Columns and a Newly Developed Adsorbent: An in vitro Study

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          Abstract

          Background/Aims: Cytokines play important roles in the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. Therefore, some effective measures to remove cytokines from the bloodstream could be effective in the treatment of SIRS and sepsis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytokine adsorptive property of various adsorbents for the purpose of the development of new selective cytokine adsorption columns. Methods: The cytokine adsorptive property of adsorbent in a CF-X column, which consists of cellulose beads cross-linked with hexamethylene-di-isocyanate, was compared with those of various adsorbents in currently available immunoadsorption columns, such as Immusorba TR<sup>®</sup>, Immusorba PH<sup>®</sup>, Selesorb<sup>®</sup>, and Lixelle<sup>®</sup>, in vitro batchwise test using patients’ plasma. A newly developed adsorbent, MPCF-X, which was modified by coating the surface of the adsorbent in CF-X with 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), was also tested for its cytokine adsorptive property. Results: The adsorbent in CF-Xshowed a significantly higher adsorption rate for TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 compared with other adsorbents (p < 0.05). Adsorbent in Lixelle<sup>®</sup> showed good affinity to TNF-α and IL-8. Especially, the adsorbent in CF-X almost completely removed TNF-α, whereas it also had considerable affinity to normal IgG. MPCF-X showed decreased affinity to IgG with considerable adsorptive properties to cytokines. Conclusion: Selective cytokine adsorption columns could be developed with improvement of currently available adsorbents. Such a new selective cytokine adsorption column could be clinically applied for the treatment of SIRS/sepsis.

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          Most cited references21

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          American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference

          (1992)
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            Treating patients with severe sepsis.

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              High-volume haemofiltration in human septic shock.

              To evaluate whether high volume haemofiltration improves haemodynamics and affects serum cytokine and complement concentrations in human septic shock. Randomized cross-over clinical trial in a tertiary intensive care unit. Eleven patients with septic shock and multi-organ failure. Patients were assigned to either 8 h of high-volume haemofiltration (HVHF; 6 l/h) or 8 h of standard continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH; 1 l/h) in random order. We measured changes in haemodynamic variables, dose of norepinephrine required to maintain a mean arterial pressure greater than 70 mmHg and plasma concentrations of complement anaphylatoxins and several cytokines. An 8-h period of HVHF was associated with a greater reduction in norepinephrine requirements than a similar period of CVVH (median reduction: 10.5 vs. 1.0 microg/min; p = 0.01; median percentage reduction: 68 vs. 7%; p = 0.02). Both therapies were associated with a temporary reduction (p < 0.01) in the plasma concentration of C3a, C5a, and interleukin 10 within 2 h of initiation. HVHF was associated with a greater reduction in the area under the curve for C3a and C5a (p < 0.01). The concentration of the measured soluble mediators in the ultrafiltrate was negligible. HVHF decreases vasopressor requirements in human septic shock and affects anaphylatoxin levels differently than standard CVVH.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                BPU
                Blood Purif
                10.1159/issn.0253-5068
                Blood Purification
                S. Karger AG
                0253-5068
                1421-9735
                2004
                December 2004
                07 January 2005
                : 22
                : 6
                : 530-536
                Affiliations
                aDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, and bPolymer Laboratory (Chiba) Corporate Research and Development, Ube Industries, Ltd, Chiba, Japan
                Article
                82526 Blood Purif 2004;22:530–536
                10.1159/000082526
                15583478
                6b684a60-d2d0-4540-9bcc-063d766ac6e3
                © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 17 May 2004
                : 24 September 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 2, References: 27, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Original Article

                Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Systemic inflammatory response syndrome,Immunoadsorption,In vitro study,Adsorbents, cytokine adsorptive properties,Direct hemoperfusion,Plasma adsorption,Sepsis,Adsorption experiments,Cytokine

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