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      Call for Papers: Green Renal Replacement Therapy: Caring for the Environment

      Submit here before July 31, 2024

      About Blood Purification: 3.0 Impact Factor I 5.6 CiteScore I 0.83 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      Effects of a High-Salt Diet on TRPV-1-Dependent Renal Nerve Activity in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats

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          Abstract

          Objective: To test the hypothesis that transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 channel (TRPV1)-mediated increases in afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) and release of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the renal pelvis are suppressed in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS), but not -resistant (DR), rats fed a high-salt (HS) diet. Methods and Results: Male DS and DR rats were given a HS or low-salt (LS) diet for 3 weeks. Perfusion of capsaicin (CAP, 10<sup>–6</sup> M), a selective TRPV1 agonist, into the left renal pelvis increased ipsilateral ARNA in all groups, but with a smaller magnitude in DS-HS compared to other groups. CAP increased contralateral urine flow in all groups except DS-HS rats. CAP-induced release of SP and CGRP from the renal pelvis was less in DS-HS compared to other groups. Western blot showed that TRPV1 expression in the kidney decreased while expression of neurokinin 1 receptors increased in DS-HS compared to other groups. Conclusion: TRPV1-mediated increases in ARNA and release of SP and CGRP in the renal pelvis are impaired in DS rats fed a HS diet, which can likely be attributed to suppressed TRPV1 expression in the kidney and contributes to increased salt sensitivity.

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          TRP channels: an overview.

          Stine Falsig Pedersen, Grzegorz Owsianik, Bernd Nilius (2015)
          The TRP ("transient receptor potential") family of ion channels now comprises more than 30 cation channels, most of which are permeable for Ca2+, and some also for Mg2+. On the basis of sequence homology, the TRP family can be divided in seven main subfamilies: the TRPC ('Canonical') family, the TRPV ('Vanilloid') family, the TRPM ('Melastatin') family, the TRPP ('Polycystin') family, the TRPML ('Mucolipin') family, the TRPA ('Ankyrin') family, and the TRPN ('NOMPC') family. The cloning and characterization of members of this cation channel family has exploded during recent years, leading to a plethora of data on the roles of TRPs in a variety of tissues and species, including mammals, insects, and yeast. The present review summarizes the most pertinent recent evidence regarding the structural and functional properties of TRP channels, focusing on the regulation and physiology of mammalian TRPs.
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            Effect of modest salt reduction on blood pressure, urinary albumin, and pulse wave velocity in white, black, and Asian mild hypertensives.

            Sandeep V. Anand, Elisabeth Visagie, Feng J … (2009)
            A reduction in salt intake lowers blood pressure. However, most previous trials were in whites with few in blacks and Asians. Salt reduction may also reduce other cardiovascular risk factors (eg, urinary albumin excretion, arterial stiffness). However, few well-controlled trials have studied these effects. We carried out a randomized double-blind crossover trial of salt restriction with slow sodium or placebo, each for 6 weeks, in 71 whites, 69 blacks, and 29 Asians with untreated mildly raised blood pressure. From slow sodium to placebo, urinary sodium was reduced from 165+/-58 (+/-SD) to 110+/-49 mmol/24 hours (9.7 to 6.5 g/d salt). With this reduction in salt intake, there was a significant decrease in blood pressure from 146+/-13/91+/-8 to 141+/-12/88+/-9 mm Hg (P<0.001), urinary albumin from 10.2 (IQR: 6.8 to 18.9) to 9.1 (6.6 to 14.0) mg/24 hours (P<0.001), albumin/creatinine ratio from 0.81 (0.47 to 1.43) to 0.66 (0.44 to 1.22) mg/mmol (P<0.001), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity from 11.5+/-2.3 to 11.1+/-1.9 m/s (P<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that the reductions in blood pressure and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were significant in all groups, and the decrease in pulse wave velocity was significant in blacks only. These results demonstrate that a modest reduction in salt intake, approximately the amount of the current public health recommendations, causes significant falls in blood pressure in all 3 ethnic groups. Furthermore, it reduces urinary albumin and improves large artery compliance. Although both could be attributable to the falls in blood pressure, they may carry additional benefits on reducing cardiovascular disease above that obtained from the blood pressure falls alone.
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              An N-terminal variant of Trpv1 channel is required for osmosensory transduction.

              Mohammad Reza Sharif, C Bourque, Philippe Séguéla … (2005)
              Body fluid homeostasis requires the release of arginine-vasopressin (AVP, an antidiuretic hormone) from the neurohypophysis. This release is controlled by specific and highly sensitive 'osmoreceptors' in the hypothalamus. Indeed, AVP-releasing neurons in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) are directly osmosensitive, and this osmosensitivity is mediated by stretch-inhibited cation channels. However, the molecular nature of these channels remains unknown. Here we show that SON neurons express an N-terminal splice variant of the transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (Trpv1), also known as the capsaicin receptor, but not full-length Trpv1. Unlike their wild-type counterparts, SON neurons in Trpv1 knockout (Trpv1(-/-)) mice could not generate ruthenium red-sensitive increases in membrane conductance and depolarizing potentials in response to hyperosmotic stimulation. Moreover, Trpv1(-/-) mice showed a pronounced serum hyperosmolality under basal conditions and severely compromised AVP responses to osmotic stimulation in vivo. These results suggest that the Trpv1 gene may encode a central component of the osmoreceptor.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): AJN
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Am J Nephrol
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0250-8095
                Title: American Journal of Nephrology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0250-8095
                ISSN (Electronic): 1421-9670
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2010
                Publication date (Print): September 2010
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 July 2010
                Volume: 32
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 194-200
                Affiliations
                Department of Medicine, the Neuroscience Program, and the Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Mich., USA
                Author notes
                *Donna H. Wang, MD, Division of Nanomedicine and Molecular Intervention, Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, B316 Clinical Center, East Lansing, MI 48824 (USA), Tel. +1 517 432 0797, Fax +1 517 432 1326, E-Mail donna.wang@ht.msu.edu
                Article
                Publisher ID: 316528 Pmcid ID: PMC2980518 Other ID: Am J Nephrol 2010;32:194–200
                DOI: 10.1159/000316528
                PMC ID: PMC2980518
                PubMed ID: 20639627
                SO-VID: 6b7f9d2b-9ba7-48d8-b60f-9393b4e8c544
                Copyright © © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 05 May 2010
                Date accepted : 02 June 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 6, References: 42, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Original Report: Laboratory Investigation

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Keywords: Dahl rats,Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1,Salt sensitivity,Afferent renal nerve activity,Calcitonin gene-related peptide,Substance P
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology
                Keywords: Dahl rats, Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1, Salt sensitivity, Afferent renal nerve activity, Calcitonin gene-related peptide, Substance P

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