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      Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual behavior of the population. The vision of the east and the west

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          ABSTRACT

          The COVID-19 pandemic has radically changed the way of life around the World. The state of alarm has forced the population to stay at home, radically changing both interpersonal and partner relationships; work at home, social distancing, the continued presence of children at home, fear of infection and not being able to physically meet with others have changed most people's sexual habits. We conducted a review by exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual behavior in the population from three different countries: Iran, Italy and Spain from each country's perspective. The impact of the coronavirus will be very important in the sexual life of the people and we will attend in the next months or years, to some changes in the relationships at all the levels. The pandemic will negatively affect sexual behaviors due to multiple contact restrictions. In the future, we will be able to assess these effects in more detail.

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          Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

          Wei-jie Guan, Zheng-yi Ni, Yu Hu … (2020)
          Abstract Background Since December 2019, when coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China, data have been needed on the clinical characteristics of the affected patients. Methods We extracted data regarding 1099 patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 from 552 hospitals in 30 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China through January 29, 2020. The primary composite end point was admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), the use of mechanical ventilation, or death. Results The median age of the patients was 47 years; 41.9% of the patients were female. The primary composite end point occurred in 67 patients (6.1%), including 5.0% who were admitted to the ICU, 2.3% who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation, and 1.4% who died. Only 1.9% of the patients had a history of direct contact with wildlife. Among nonresidents of Wuhan, 72.3% had contact with residents of Wuhan, including 31.3% who had visited the city. The most common symptoms were fever (43.8% on admission and 88.7% during hospitalization) and cough (67.8%). Diarrhea was uncommon (3.8%). The median incubation period was 4 days (interquartile range, 2 to 7). On admission, ground-glass opacity was the most common radiologic finding on chest computed tomography (CT) (56.4%). No radiographic or CT abnormality was found in 157 of 877 patients (17.9%) with nonsevere disease and in 5 of 173 patients (2.9%) with severe disease. Lymphocytopenia was present in 83.2% of the patients on admission. Conclusions During the first 2 months of the current outbreak, Covid-19 spread rapidly throughout China and caused varying degrees of illness. Patients often presented without fever, and many did not have abnormal radiologic findings. (Funded by the National Health Commission of China and others.)
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            A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019

            Na Zhu, Dingyu Zhang, Wenling Wang … (2020)
            Summary In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A previously unknown betacoronavirus was discovered through the use of unbiased sequencing in samples from patients with pneumonia. Human airway epithelial cells were used to isolate a novel coronavirus, named 2019-nCoV, which formed a clade within the subgenus sarbecovirus, Orthocoronavirinae subfamily. Different from both MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, 2019-nCoV is the seventh member of the family of coronaviruses that infect humans. Enhanced surveillance and further investigation are ongoing. (Funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China and the National Major Project for Control and Prevention of Infectious Disease in China.)
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              A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

              Peng Zhou, Xing-Lou Yang, Xian-Guang Wang … (2020)
              Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 18 years ago, a large number of SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs) have been discovered in their natural reservoir host, bats 1–4 . Previous studies have shown that some bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans 5–7 . Here we report the identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China. The epidemic, which started on 12 December 2019, had caused 2,794 laboratory-confirmed infections including 80 deaths by 26 January 2020. Full-length genome sequences were obtained from five patients at an early stage of the outbreak. The sequences are almost identical and share 79.6% sequence identity to SARS-CoV. Furthermore, we show that 2019-nCoV is 96% identical at the whole-genome level to a bat coronavirus. Pairwise protein sequence analysis of seven conserved non-structural proteins domains show that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV. In addition, 2019-nCoV virus isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a critically ill patient could be neutralized by sera from several patients. Notably, we confirmed that 2019-nCoV uses the same cell entry receptor—angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2)—as SARS-CoV.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int Braz J Urol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int Braz J Urol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ibju
                Title: International Brazilian Journal of Urology : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
                Publisher: Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia
                ISSN (Print): 1677-5538
                ISSN (Electronic): 1677-6119
                Publication date (Electronic): 27 July 2020
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Volume: 46
                Issue: Suppl 1
                Pages: 104-112
                Affiliations
                [1 ] orgnameHospital Quirón Salud Juan Bravo orgdiv1Department of Urology Madrid Spain originalDepartment of Urology, Hospital Quirón Salud Juan Bravo, Madrid, Spain
                [2 ] orgnameTehran University of Medical Sciences orgdiv1Skin and Stem Cell Research Center Tehran Iran originalSkin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                [3 ] orgnameUniversity of Catania orgdiv1Department of Surgery and Urology Section Catania Italy originalDepartment of Surgery and Urology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
                [4 ] orgnameFundació Puigvert Barcelona orgdiv1Department of Andrology Spain originalDepartment of Andrology, Fundació Puigvert Barcelona, Spain
                [5 ] orgnameDirector Healthy Pleasure Lab London United Kingdom Spain originalDirector Healthy Pleasure Lab London United Kingdom. Spain
                [6 ] orgnameHospital Clinic de Barcelona orgdiv1Department of Urology Barcelona Spain originalDepartment of Urology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
                [7 ] orgnameMember of Healthy Pleasure Lab Madrid Spain originalMember of Healthy Pleasure Lab. Madrid, Spain
                Author notes
                Correspondence address: François Peinado Ibarra, MD Head of the at Department of Urology, Hospital Quirón Ruber, Madrid. C/Juan Bravo 39 Madrid, 28006. Spain. E-mail: doctorpeinado@ 123456gmail.com

                CONFLICT OF INTEREST

                None declared.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-7353
                Article
                Publisher ID: S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S116
                DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S116
                PMC ID: 7719991
                PubMed ID: 32550703
                SO-VID: 6c13c81e-f034-436f-a295-0931b7d418f5
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 25 April 2020
                Date accepted : 10 May 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 9
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: sexual behavior,covid-19 [supplementary concept],pandemics
                Data availability:
                Keywords: sexual behavior, covid-19 [supplementary concept], pandemics

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