Lignocellulosic agriculture wastes as biomass feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production: concepts and recent developments

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Abstract

Production of liquid biofuels, such as bioethanol, has been advocated as a sustainable option to tackle the problems associated with rising crude oil prices, global warming and diminishing petroleum reserves. Second-generation bioethanol is produced from lignocellulosic feedstock by its saccharification, followed by microbial fermentation and product recovery. Agricultural residues generated as wastes during or after processing of agricultural crops are one of such renewable and lignocellulose-rich biomass resources available in huge amounts for bioethanol production. These agricultural residues are converted to bioethanol in several steps which are described here. This review enlightens various steps involved in production of the second-generation bioethanol. Mechanisms and recent advances in pretreatment, cellulases production and second-generation ethanol production processes are described here.

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Cellulosic plant material represents an as-of-yet untapped source of fermentable sugars for significant industrial use. Many physio-chemical structural and compositional factors hinder the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose present in lignocellulosic biomass. The goal of any pretreatment technology is to alter or remove structural and compositional impediments to hydrolysis in order to improve the rate of enzyme hydrolysis and increase yields of fermentable sugars from cellulose or hemicellulose. These methods cause physical and/or chemical changes in the plant biomass in order to achieve this result. Experimental investigation of physical changes and chemical reactions that occur during pretreatment is required for the development of effective and mechanistic models that can be used for the rational design of pretreatment processes. Furthermore, pretreatment processing conditions must be tailored to the specific chemical and structural composition of the various, and variable, sources of lignocellulosic biomass. This paper reviews process parameters and their fundamental modes of action for promising pretreatment methods.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jitendra Kumar Saini: +91-9878986881 , me_jk@rediffmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): 3 Biotech

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): 3 Biotech

Title: 3 Biotech

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )

ISSN (Print): 2190-572X

ISSN (Electronic): 2190-5738

Publication date (Electronic): 21 August 2014

Publication date PMC-release: 21 August 2014

Publication date (Print): August 2015

Volume: 5

Issue: 4

Pages: 337-353

Affiliations

[ ]Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, 263145 India

[ ]Department of Microbiology, M.S. Garg P.G. College, Laksar, Haridwar, 247663 India

[ ]DBT-IOC Centre for Advanced Bio-Energy Research, Research and Development Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Sector-13, Faridabad, 121007 Haryana India

Article

Publisher ID: 246

DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0246-5

PMC ID: 4522714

PubMed ID: 28324547

SO-VID: 6c1e1b1f-06dc-467c-ae7f-e842d48684a3

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.