30
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Evaluation of Combining Ability and Heterosis of Popular Restorer and Male Sterile Lines for the Development of Superior Rice Hybrids

      , , , , , , ,
      Agronomy
      MDPI AG

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Twenty-four hybrids, obtained from a mating design following 6 line × 4 testers, were evaluated to estimate the heterosis, specific, and general combining ability (SCA and GCA) of parents and hybrids to find out suitable general combiner (GC) parents and cross combinations for utilization in the future breeding program. A randomized complete block design with three replications was followed to set the experiment. Data were recorded on grain yield and 13 yield-related agronomic traits. The analysis of variance of all cross combinations had highly significant differences for most of the characters studied, which indicated a wide variation across the genotypes, parents, lines, testers, and crosses. SCA and GCA variances were significant for all studied traits except for the panicle length, indicating that both non-additive and additive gene actions were involved in these traits. The GCA variance/SCA variance for all the traits was <1, signifying the multitude of dominant and epistatic gene actions. The GCA effects of three lines GAN46A, IR58025A, IR62629A, and a tester IR46R were significant for the majority of the agronomic traits including grain yield and might be used for improving the yield of grains in rice as parents of excellent GC. Based on the yield of grains and agronomic traits, the hybrids IR58025A × IR46R and GAN46A × IR46R might be considered the best hybrids and another nine hybrids could also be considered good hybrids. Similarly, based on the yield of grains and agronomic traits, the positive and significant mid-parent, better parent, and standard heterosis were obtained from 3 F1s, 1 F1, and 3 F1s, respectively. Heterosis and combining ability study revealed that hybrids IR58025A × IR46R and GAN46A × IR46R might be considered preferable hybrid cultivars.

          Related collections

          Most cited references85

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: found
          Is Open Access

          Drought stress enhances nutritional and bioactive compounds, phenolic acids and antioxidant capacity of Amaranthus leafy vegetable

          Background Bioactive compounds, vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids of A. tricolor are the sources of natural antioxidant that had a great importance for the food industry as these detoxify ROS in the human body. These natural antioxidants protect human from many diseases such as cancer, arthritis, emphysema, retinopathy, neuro-degenerative cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis and cataracts. Moreover, previous literature has shown that drought stress elevated bioactive compounds, vitamins, phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in many leafy vegetables. Hence, we study the nutritional and bioactive compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity of amaranth under drought stress for evaluation of the significant contribution of these compounds in the human diet. Results The genotype VA3 was assessed at four drought stress levels that significantly affected nutritional and bioactive compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. Protein, ash, energy, dietary fiber, Ca, K, Cu, S, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, B content, total carotenoids, TFC, vitamin C, TPC, TAC (DPPH), betacarotene, TAC (ABTS+), sixteen phenolic acids and flavonoids were remarkably increased with the severity of drought stress. At moderate and severe drought stress conditions, the increments of all these components were more preponderant. Trans-cinnamic acid was newly identified phenolic acid in A. tricolor. Salicylic acid, vanilic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, Trans-cinnamic acid, rutin, isoquercetin, m-coumaric acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were the most abundant phenolic compounds in this genotype. Conclusions In A. tricolor, drought stress enhanced the quantitative and qualitative improvement of nutritional and bioactive compounds, phenolic acids, flavonoids and antioxidants. Hence, farmers of semi-arid and dry areas of the world could be able to grow amaranth as a substitute crop.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes confer drought tolerance of Amaranthus tricolor

            The study was performed to explore physiological, non-enzymatic and enzymatic detoxification pathways of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tolerance of Amaranthus tricolor under drought stress. The tolerant genotype VA13 exhibited lower reduction in growth, photosynthetic pigments, relative water content (RWC) and negligible increment in electrolyte leakage (EL), lower increment in proline, guaiacol peroxidase (GPOX) activity compared to sensitive genotype VA15. This genotype also had higher catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), remarkable and dramatic increment in ascorbate-glutathione content, ascorbate-glutathione redox and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes activity compared to sensitive genotype VA15. The negligible increment of ascorbate-glutathione content, ascorbate-glutathione redox and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes activities and dramatic increment in malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and EL were observed in the sensitive genotype VA15. SOD contributed superoxide radical dismutation and CAT contributed H2O2 detoxification in both sensitive and tolerant varieties, however, these had a great contribution in the tolerant variety. Conversely, proline and GPOX accumulation were higher in the sensitive variety compared to the tolerant variety. Increase in ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes activities, CAT, ascorbate-glutathione content, SOD, and ascorbate-glutathione redox clearly evident that CAT, ascorbate-glutathione cycle and SOD played a significant activity in ROS detoxification of tolerant A. tricolor variety.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Drought Stress Effects on Growth, ROS Markers, Compatible Solutes, Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity in Amaranthus tricolor

              Four selected Amaranthus tricolor cultivars were grown under four irrigation regimes (25, 50, 80, and 100% field capacity) to evaluate the mechanisms of growth and physiological and biochemical responses against drought stress in randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress led to decrease in total biomass, specific leaf area, relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll ab), and soluble protein and increase in MDA, H2O2, EL, proline, total carotenoid, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. However, responses of these parameters were differential in respect to cultivars and the degree of drought stresses. No significant difference was observed in control and LDS for most of the traits. The cultivars VA14 and VA16 were identified as more tolerant to drought and could be used for further evaluations in future breeding programs and new cultivar release programs. Positively significant correlations among MDA, H2O2, compatible solutes, and non-enzymatic antioxidant (proline, TPC, TFC, and TAC) suggested that compatible solutes and non-enzymatic antioxidant played vital role in detoxifying of ROS in A. tricolor cultivar. The increased content of ascorbic acid indicated the crucial role of the ASC-GSH cycle for scavenging ROS in A. tricolor.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                ABSGGL
                Agronomy
                Agronomy
                MDPI AG
                2073-4395
                April 2022
                April 16 2022
                : 12
                : 4
                : 965
                Article
                10.3390/agronomy12040965
                6c4c2488-c984-4efa-a571-a1069a3c6efa
                © 2022

                https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History

                Comments

                Comment on this article