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      Social information and personal interests modulate neural activity during economic decision-making

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          Abstract

          In the present study we employed electrophysiological recordings to investigate the levels of processing at which positive and negative descriptions of other people bias social decision-making in a game in which participants accepted or rejected economic offers. Besides social information, we manipulated the fairness of the assets distribution, whether offers were advantageous or not for the participant and the uncertainty of the game context. Results show that a negative description of the interaction partner enhanced the medial frontal negativity (MFN) in an additive manner with fairness evaluations. The description of the partner interacted with personal benefit considerations, showing that this positive or negative information only biased the evaluation of offers when they did not favor the participant. P300 amplitudes were enhanced by advantageous offers, suggesting their heightened motivational significance at later stages of processing. Throughout all stages, neural activity was enhanced with certainty about the personal assignments of the split. These results provide new evidence on the importance of interpersonal information and considerations of self-interests relative to others in decision-making situations.

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          Most cited references26

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          The neural basis of human error processing: reinforcement learning, dopamine, and the error-related negativity.

          The authors present a unified account of 2 neural systems concerned with the development and expression of adaptive behaviors: a mesencephalic dopamine system for reinforcement learning and a "generic" error-processing system associated with the anterior cingulate cortex. The existence of the error-processing system has been inferred from the error-related negativity (ERN), a component of the event-related brain potential elicited when human participants commit errors in reaction-time tasks. The authors propose that the ERN is generated when a negative reinforcement learning signal is conveyed to the anterior cingulate cortex via the mesencephalic dopamine system and that this signal is used by the anterior cingulate cortex to modify performance on the task at hand. They provide support for this proposal using both computational modeling and psychophysiological experimentation.
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            Is the P300 component a manifestation of context updating?

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              Decision making, the P3, and the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system.

              Psychologists and neuroscientists have had a long-standing interest in the P3, a prominent component of the event-related brain potential. This review aims to integrate knowledge regarding the neural basis of the P3 and to elucidate its functional role in information processing. The authors review evidence suggesting that the P3 reflects phasic activity of the neuromodulatory locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. They discuss the P3 literature in the light of empirical findings and a recent theory regarding the information-processing function of the LC-NE phasic response. The theoretical framework emerging from this research synthesis suggests that the P3 reflects the response of the LC-NE system to the outcome of internal decision-making processes and the consequent effects of noradrenergic potentiation of information processing. Copyright 2005 APA, all rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Front Hum Neurosci
                Front Hum Neurosci
                Front. Hum. Neurosci.
                Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1662-5161
                06 February 2014
                2014
                : 8
                : 31
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada Granada, Spain
                Author notes

                Edited by: Agustin Ibanez, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, Argentina

                Reviewed by: Steve W. C. Chang, Duke University, USA; Claudio Lavin, Universidad Diego Portales, Chile

                *Correspondence: María Ruz, Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Campus Universitario Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain e-mail: mruz@ 123456ugr.es

                This article was submitted to the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.

                Article
                10.3389/fnhum.2014.00031
                3915773
                24567708
                6c7224fb-df8e-4151-868d-bcb91d1d77bc
                Copyright © 2014 Moser, Gaertig and Ruz.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 06 November 2013
                : 14 January 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 7, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 9, Words: 7643
                Categories
                Neuroscience
                Original Research Article

                Neurosciences
                uncertainty,economic decision-making,p300,positive and negative interpersonal information,fairness,mfn

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