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      Análisis de coordenadas polares para el estudio de los sistemas defensivos en balonmano Translated title: Análise de coordenadas polares para o estudo de sistemas defensivos no handebol. Translated title: Polar coordinate analysis for the study of defensive systems in Handball

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación de diferentes comportamientos tácticos ofensivos con las conductas mostradas en los dos principales sistemas defensivos en balonmano. Para ello se realizó un análisis de coordenadas polares utilizando como conductas focales aquellas que identifican los principales sistemas defensivos y las acciones ofensivas con o sin transformaciones. Se observaron 538 situaciones correspondientes a 5 partidos de la primera división nacional española masculina con el software Hoisan utilizándose una herramienta observacional diseñada ad hoc. El diseño observacional usado fue nomotético, puntual y seguimiento, siendo la unidad de observación la situación de defensa del equipo observado. Los resultados del análisis de la Calidad del Dato y Generalizabilidad muestran índices convincentes para los modelos utilizados. Los resultados del análisis de Coordenadas Polares muestran la mayor capacidad de oposición del sistema defensivo 5:1 al ataque. También destaca que la transformación atacante de 3:3 a 2:4 se usa más ante defensas abiertas y elicita el aumento de aparición de sanciones disciplinarias. La herramienta observacional diseñada y la utilización de la técnica de coordenadas polares para la estimación de relaciones tácticas permite definir procedimientos de intervención que optimicen los recursos del entrenamiento y la competición en balonmano.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relação de diferentes comportamentos táticos ofensivos com os comportamentos mostrados nos dois principais sistemas defensivos do handebol. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise das coordenadas polares utilizando como comportamentos focais aqueles que identificam os principais sistemas defensivos e as ações ofensivas com ou sem transformações. Havia 538 situações correspondentes a 5 partidas da primeira divisão masculina nacional espanhola com o software Hoisan, usando uma ferramenta projetada ad hoc. O desenho observacional utilizado foi nomotético, pontual e de acompanhamento, sendo a unidade de observação a situação de defesa do equipamento observado. Os resultados da análise de qualidade dos dados e generalização mostram índices convincentes para os modelos utilizados. Os resultados da análise das coordenadas polares mostram a maior capacidade de oposição do sistema defensivo 5: 1 de ataque. Destaca também que a transformação de ataque de 3: 3 para 2: 4 é mais usada em face de defesas abertas e provoca o aumento da aparência de sanções disciplinares. A ferramenta de observação projetada e o uso da técnica de coordenadas polares para a estimativa de relações táticas permitem definir procedimentos de intervenção que otimizam os recursos de treinamento e competição no handebol.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of different offensive tactical performances with the behaviours shown in the two main defensive systems in handball. For this, an analysis of polar coordinates was carried out using as focal behaviors those wich identify the main defensive systems and the offensive actions with or without transformations. There were 538 situations corresponding to 5 matches of the first Spanish national men's division with the Hoisan software by making use of an ad hoc tool. The observational design used was nomothetic, punctual and monitoring, the observation unit being the defense situation of the monitored team. The results of the Data Quality and Generalizability analysis show convincing rates for the models used. The results of the Polar Coordinates analysis show the greater oppositional capacity of the 5: 1 defensive system to attack. It also highlights that the attacking transformation from 3:3 to 2:4 is used more in the face of open defenses and it elicits an increase in the appearances of disciplinary sanctions. The observational tool designed and the use of the polar coordinate technique for the estimation of tactical relationships allows to define intervention procedures that optimize the resources of training and competition in handball.

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          Analysis of passing sequences, shots and goals in soccer.

          Early research into how goals were scored in association football (Reep and Benjamin, 1968) may have shaped the tactics of British football. Most coaches have been affected, to a greater or lesser extent, by the tactics referred to as the "long-ball game" or "direct play", which was a tactic employed as a consequence of this research. Data from these studies, published in the late 1960s, have been reconfirmed by analyses of different FIFA World Cup tournaments by several different research groups. In the present study, the number of passes that led to goals scored in two FIFA World Cup finals were analysed. The results conform to that of previous research, but when these data were normalized with respect to the frequency of the respective lengths of passing sequences, there were more goals scored from longer passing sequences than from shorter passing sequences. Teams produced significantly more shots per possession for these longer passing sequences, but the strike ratio of goals from shots is better for "direct play" than for "possession play". Finally, an analysis of the shooting data for successful and unsuccessful teams for different lengths of passing sequences in the 1990 FIFA World Cup finals indicated that, for successful teams, longer passing sequences produced more goals per possession than shorter passing sequences. For unsuccessful teams, neither tactic had a clear advantage. It was further concluded that the original work of Reep and Benjamin (1968), although a key landmark in football analysis, led only to a partial understanding of the phenomenon that was investigated.
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            HOISAN 1.2: Programa informático para uso en Metodología Observacional

            La herramienta HOISAN (Herramienta de Observación de las Interacciones Sociales en Ambientes Naturales) es una aplicación informática que permite la codificación, registro, descripción y manipulación de grabaciones o del visionado en tiempo real desde una o varias cámaras. Permite trabajar con todos los tipos de datos: secuencias de eventos, de estados, mixtas, de intervalos de tiempo y de eventos multimodales. La métrica del registro observacional utiliza parámetros primarios y medidas derivadas o secundarias. Tiene la capacidad de analizar la producción verbal, así como de calcular distintos tipos de acuerdo e índices de correlación. El programa admite el intercambio de datos con programas específicos de uso en Metodología Observacional (SDIS-GSEQ, OBSERVER, THEME y MOTS), otros programas de carácter general (hojas de cálculo, paquetes estadísticos, procesadores de textos), y programas para el análisis cualitativo (Atlas.ti) y la exportación de los datos a PDF. En este trabajo se presentan, además, los resultados de un análisis de calidad del dato pertenecientes a una herramienta de observación para el fútbol 7.
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              Match statistics related to winning in the group stage of 2014 Brazil FIFA World Cup.

              Identifying match statistics that strongly contribute to winning in football matches is a very important step towards a more predictive and prescriptive performance analysis. The current study aimed to determine relationships between 24 match statistics and the match outcome (win, loss and draw) in all games and close games of the group stage of FIFA World Cup (2014, Brazil) by employing the generalised linear model. The cumulative logistic regression was run in the model taking the value of each match statistic as independent variable to predict the logarithm of the odds of winning. Relationships were assessed as effects of a two-standard-deviation increase in the value of each variable on the change in the probability of a team winning a match. Non-clinical magnitude-based inferences were employed and were evaluated by using the smallest worthwhile change. Results showed that for all the games, nine match statistics had clearly positive effects on the probability of winning (Shot, Shot on Target, Shot from Counter Attack, Shot from Inside Area, Ball Possession, Short Pass, Average Pass Streak, Aerial Advantage and Tackle), four had clearly negative effects (Shot Blocked, Cross, Dribble and Red Card), other 12 statistics had either trivial or unclear effects. While for the close games, the effects of Aerial Advantage and Yellow Card turned to trivial and clearly negative, respectively. Information from the tactical modelling can provide a more thorough and objective match understanding to coaches and performance analysts for evaluating post-match performances and for scouting upcoming oppositions.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpd
                Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte
                CPD
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Región de Murcia, Spain )
                1578-8423
                1989-5879
                April 2020
                : 20
                : 1
                : 103-117
                Affiliations
                [1] Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Málaga orgdiv1Facultad de Psicología Spain
                Article
                S1578-84232020000100009 S1578-8423(20)02000100009
                6c83042a-1a91-4b1c-b491-3e21e0631527

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 December 2019
                : 18 September 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 56, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Psicología del Deporte

                defensa,handebol,Observação sistemática,defense,Observación sistemática,handball,polar coordinates,coordenadas polares,balonmano,Systematic sbservation,defesa

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