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      Autoinstrucción para la búsqueda eficiente de información para alumnos de pregrado de odontología en una universidad chilena Translated title: Self-instruction for the efficient search of information for undergraduate students of Dentistry at a Chilean university

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Para realizar una práctica clínica basada en la evidencia es fundamental que los profesionales de la salud sepan reconocer sus brechas de conocimiento y posean las herramientas necesarias para realizar búsquedas de información. Con el objetivo de mejorar la metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje para la búsqueda eficiente, se diseñaron tres cápsulas de autoaprendizaje. Sujetos y métodos: Las cápsulas se aplicaron en cursos del primer, quinto y octavo semestre de la carrera de odontología y se analizaron sus resultados en los niveles 1 y 2 del modelo de evaluación de programas Kirkpatrick. Cada cápsula se evaluó en modalidad online mediante una tarea de aplicación y un cuestionario de cumplimiento de objetivos. Resultados: Las cápsulas se aplicaron el primer y segundo semestre de 2018 a un total de 218 alumnos. Tanto alumnos como profesores se manifestaron satisfechos con la metodología y los contenidos, destacando la modalidad b-learning y la calidad del material instruccional. El 100% de los alumnos aprobó la evaluación asociada a cada cápsula. El promedio de percepción de alcance de objetivos fue del 72% para la cápsula 1, 80% para la cápsula 2 y 84% para la cápsula 3, con una mayor proporción de diferencias positivas (p = 0,00). Conclusión: Las cápsulas de autoinstrucción para la enseñanza de búsqueda de evidencia son una metodología efectiva, en términos de reacción y aprendizaje.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: To carry out an evidence-based clinical practice, health professionals must know how to recognize their knowledge gaps and have the necessary tools to search for information in order to improve their teaching methodology. Three self-learning capsules were designed to search efficiently for information. Subjects and methods: The capsules were applied in courses of the 1st, 5th and 8th semesters of the dentistry degree. The results were analyzed at levels 1 and 2 of the Kirkpatrick program evaluation model. Each capsule was evaluated in online mode through an application task and a and a fulfilling objectives questionnaire. Results: The self-instruction capsules were applied to a total of 218 students. The satisfaction survey showed high values for students and teachers considering the methodology and content, highlighting the b-learning modality and the quality of the instructional material. All of the students approved the evaluation associated with each capsule. The average perception of goal achievement was 72% for capsule 1, 80% for capsule 2 and 84% for capsule 3, with a higher proportion of positive differences (p = 0.00). Conclusion: In terms of reaction and learning, it is an effective methodology to use self-instruction capsules for teaching evidence seeking.

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          Most cited references21

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          Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't

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            Internet-based learning in the health professions: a meta-analysis.

            The increasing use of Internet-based learning in health professions education may be informed by a timely, comprehensive synthesis of evidence of effectiveness. To summarize the effect of Internet-based instruction for health professions learners compared with no intervention and with non-Internet interventions. Systematic search of MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC, TimeLit, Web of Science, Dissertation Abstracts, and the University of Toronto Research and Development Resource Base from 1990 through 2007. Studies in any language quantifying the association of Internet-based instruction and educational outcomes for practicing and student physicians, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, and other health care professionals compared with a no-intervention or non-Internet control group or a preintervention assessment. Two reviewers independently evaluated study quality and abstracted information including characteristics of learners, learning setting, and intervention (including level of interactivity, practice exercises, online discussion, and duration). There were 201 eligible studies. Heterogeneity in results across studies was large (I(2) > or = 79%) in all analyses. Effect sizes were pooled using a random effects model. The pooled effect size in comparison to no intervention favored Internet-based interventions and was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90-1.10; P < .001; n = 126 studies) for knowledge outcomes, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.49-1.20; P < .001; n = 16) for skills, and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.63-1.02; P < .001; n = 32) for learner behaviors and patient effects. Compared with non-Internet formats, the pooled effect sizes (positive numbers favoring Internet) were 0.10 (95% CI, -0.12 to 0.32; P = .37; n = 43) for satisfaction, 0.12 (95% CI, 0.003 to 0.24; P = .045; n = 63) for knowledge, 0.09 (95% CI, -0.26 to 0.44; P = .61; n = 12) for skills, and 0.51 (95% CI, -0.24 to 1.25; P = .18; n = 6) for behaviors or patient effects. No important treatment-subgroup interactions were identified. Internet-based learning is associated with large positive effects compared with no intervention. In contrast, effects compared with non-Internet instructional methods are heterogeneous and generally small, suggesting effectiveness similar to traditional methods. Future research should directly compare different Internet-based interventions.
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              A hierarchy of effective teaching and learning to acquire competence in evidenced-based medicine

              Background A variety of methods exists for teaching and learning evidence-based medicine (EBM). However, there is much debate about the effectiveness of various EBM teaching and learning activities, resulting in a lack of consensus as to what methods constitute the best educational practice. There is a need for a clear hierarchy of educational activities to effectively impart and acquire competence in EBM skills. This paper develops such a hierarchy based on current empirical and theoretical evidence. Discussion EBM requires that health care decisions be based on the best available valid and relevant evidence. To achieve this, teachers delivering EBM curricula need to inculcate amongst learners the skills to gain, assess, apply, integrate and communicate new knowledge in clinical decision-making. Empirical and theoretical evidence suggests that there is a hierarchy of teaching and learning activities in terms of their educational effectiveness: Level 1, interactive and clinically integrated activities; Level 2(a), interactive but classroom based activities; Level 2(b), didactic but clinically integrated activities; and Level 3, didactic, classroom or standalone teaching. Summary All health care professionals need to understand and implement the principles of EBM to improve care of their patients. Interactive and clinically integrated teaching and learning activities provide the basis for the best educational practice in this field.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fem
                FEM: Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica
                FEM (Ed. impresa)
                Fundación Educación Médica y Viguera Editores, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                2014-9832
                2014-9840
                2020
                : 23
                : 5
                : 275-279
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Odontología Chile
                [2] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Sistema de Bibliotecas Chile
                Article
                S2014-98322020000600007 S2014-9832(20)02300500007
                6cc7da64-1d4b-46d5-85c2-3b529832f8f7

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 05 June 2020
                : 02 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 21, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Educación a distancia,Odontología,Dentistry,Evidence-based medicine,Medical education,Online education,Educación médica,Medicina basada en la evidencia

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