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      A Review of Nutrition Support Guidelines for Individuals with or Recovering from COVID-19 in the Community

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          Abstract

          COVID-19 negatively impacts nutritional status and as such identification of nutritional risk and consideration of the need for nutrition support should be fundamental in this patient group. In recent months, clinical nutrition professional organisations across the world have published nutrition support recommendations for health care professionals. This review summarises key themes of those publications linked to nutrition support of adults with or recovering from COVID-19 outside of hospital. Using our search criteria, 15 publications were identified from electronic databases and websites of clinical nutrition professional organisations, worldwide up to 19th June 2020. The key themes across these publications included the importance in the community setting of: (i) screening for malnutrition, which can be achieved by remote consultation; (ii) care plans with appropriate nutrition support, which may include food based strategies, oral nutritional supplements and referral to a dietitian; (iii) continuity of nutritional care between settings including rapid communication at discharge of malnutrition risk and requirements for ongoing nutrition support. These themes, and indeed the importance of nutritional care, are fundamental and should be integrated into pathways for the rehabilitation of patients recovering from COVID-19.

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          ESPEN expert statements and practical guidance for nutritional management of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection

          Summary The COVID-19 pandemics is posing unprecedented challenges and threats to patients and healthcare systems worldwide. Acute respiratory complications that require intensive care unit (ICU) management are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Patients with worst outcomes and higher mortality are reported to include immunocompromised subjects, namely older adults and polymorbid individuals and malnourished people in general. ICU stay, polymorbidity and older age are all commonly associated with high risk for malnutrition, representing per se a relevant risk factor for higher morbidity and mortality in chronic and acute disease. Also importantly, prolonged ICU stays are reported to be required for COVID-19 patients stabilization, and longer ICU stay may per se directly worsen or cause malnutrition, with severe loss of skeletal muscle mass and function which may lead to disability, poor quality of life and additional morbidity. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition should therefore be routinely included in the management of COVID-19 patients. In the current document, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) aims at providing concise guidance for nutritional management of COVID-19 patients by proposing 10 practical recommendations. The practical guidance is focused to those in the ICU setting or in the presence of older age and polymorbidity, which are independently associated with malnutrition and its negative impact on patient survival.
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            Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on Intensive Care Unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19

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              Clinical Management of COVID-19—Interim Guidance

              (2024)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nutrients
                Nutrients
                nutrients
                Nutrients
                MDPI
                2072-6643
                22 October 2020
                November 2020
                : 12
                : 11
                : 3230
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Institute of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mailpoint 113, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; R.J.Stratton@ 123456soton.ac.uk
                [2 ]Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; erw2v07@ 123456soton.ac.uk
                [3 ]Department of Gastroenterology, Mailpoint 255, University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; trevor.smith@ 123456uhs.nhs.uk
                [4 ]Consultant Dietitian, Southampton SO53, UK; rachel.sipaul@ 123456me.com
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: A.L.Cawood@ 123456soton.ac.uk ; Tel.: +44-077-3802-4718
                Article
                nutrients-12-03230
                10.3390/nu12113230
                7690369
                33105731
                6d253093-0a99-4e65-8b8a-b885ca116495
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 04 October 2020
                : 19 October 2020
                Categories
                Review

                Nutrition & Dietetics
                covid-19,malnutrition,nutrition support,recovery,rehabilitation,community
                Nutrition & Dietetics
                covid-19, malnutrition, nutrition support, recovery, rehabilitation, community

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