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      The Military Orders, the Muslim World, and the Dilemmas of Conviviality: Connected Histories as a Critical Approach to the History of the Crusades Translated title: As Ordens militares, o mundo muçulmano e os dilemas do convívio: Histórias Conectadas como uma abordagem crítica para a História das Cruzadas

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          Abstract

          Abstract This article explores the potentialities of the Connected Histories method for the study of the Crusades, and more specifically of the Military Orders. The corpus initially takes shape in a papal document of 1179 that listed the disputes between the Templars and the Hospitallers. In it, we find itinerant Islamic communities under the care of the Temple. We also turn to the agreement between Baybars and the Hospitallers, dated 1267, which established a co-dominium between the Sultan and the Order. Included in this agreement was the control over Bedouins and Turkmen. Both documents can serve as a laboratory for the application of the assumptions concerning the Connected Histories method. In addition, the paper goes on to outline the recent historiographical positions about the relationships between the Military Orders, the Muslim communities, and the established powers in the Levant. The central idea is to analyze both forced and consensual movements within a play of scales that brings together the displacement of captives, the itinerancy of Bedouins, and the Mongol advance. Then the paper explains how the intensification of movements would put the historical subjects before the dilemmas of conviviality, whose answers made the interactions relentless to mere fierce opposition or to the idea contained in the Geography of Fear hypothesis.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Este artigo explora as potencialidades do método das Histórias Conectadas para o estudo das Cruzadas e, mais especificamente, das Ordens Militares. O corpus tomou forma, inicialmente, em um documento papal de 1179, que listava as disputas entre os Templários e os Hospitalários. Nele, encontramos comunidades itinerantes sob o cuidado do Templo. Também nos voltamos para o compromisso entre Baybars e os Hospitalários, datado de 1267, no qual era estabelecido um co-dominium entre o Sultão e a Ordem. Nesse acordo, estava incluído o controle sobre Beduínos e Turcomanos. Ambos os documentos serviriam como um laboratório para a aplicação dos pressupostos concernentes ao método das Histórias Conectadas. Além disso, artigo se propõe a apontar as recentes posições historiográficas sobre as relações das Ordens Militares com as comunidades e os poderes muçulmanos. A ideia principal indica pensar os movimentos forçados ou consensuais em um jogo de escalas que coloca em interseção o deslocamento de cativos, a itinerância de Beduínos e o avanço Mongol. Assim, o artigo explica como a intensificação dos movimentos colocaria os sujeitos históricos diante dos dilemas do convívio, cujas respostas tornariam as interações irredutíveis à simples oposição acirrada ou à ideia contida na hipótese da Geografia do Medo.

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          Most cited references45

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          Orientalism

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            Prier et Combattre. Dictionnaire européen des ordres militaires au Moyen Âge

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              What is Global History?

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                vh
                Varia Historia
                Varia hist.
                Pós-Graduação em História, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil )
                0104-8775
                1982-4343
                April 2022
                : 38
                : 76
                : 17-58
                Affiliations
                [1] Mariana MG orgnameUniversidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) orgdiv1Departamento de História Rua do Seminário Brasil bruno.salles@ 123456ufop.edu.br
                Article
                S0104-87752022000100017 S0104-8775(22)03807600017
                10.1590/0104-87752022000100002
                6d97612a-4341-4c84-ac7b-fbff75b99154

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 June 2021
                : 21 September 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 42
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Articles

                Crusades,Connected Histories,Dilemas do Convívio,Cruzadas,Histórias Conectadas,Dilemmas of Conviviality

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