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      Physical activity and nighttime sleep in adolescents Translated title: Actividad física y sueño nocturno en adolescentes

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          Abstract

          Abstract: Background: Previous studies show contradictory results regarding the bidirectional association between physical activity and nighttime sleep. The objective of the present study was to add knowledge to these possible relationships using autoregressive models. Method: 214 adolescents (117 boys and 97 girls), with a mean age of 13.31 years agreed to participate. The study variables were measured with accelerometers for 7 full days over three consecutive years. The mlVAR package was used to compute estimates from multivariate vector autoregression models. Results: The 5-delay models showed a better fit. Autoregressive effects were observed in sleep onset, sleep offset and sedentary behavior, which could explain the relationships found in previous studies between physical activity and sleep. Sleep onset, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency had direct effects on sedentary behavior. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was not related to any of the sleep variables. Conclusions: The hypothesis that there are bidirectional/reciprocal relationships between physical activity and sleep cannot be accepted.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: Antecedentes: Los resultados de estudios previos sobre la asociación bidireccional entre actividad física y sueño nocturno son contradictorios. El objetivo del presente estudio es intentar dar una mejor explicación a estas posibles relaciones utilizando modelos autorregresivos. Método: Participaron 214 jóvenes (117 varones y 97 mujeres), con una media de edad de 13,31 años. Las variables del estudio se midieron con acelerómetros durante 7 días completos, en tres años consecutivos. Se utilizó el paquete mlVAR para calcular las estimaciones de modelos vectoriales de autorregresión multivariables. Resultados: Los modelos de 5 retrasos fueron los que mostraron un mejor ajuste. Se observaron efectos autorregresivos en el inicio del sueño nocturno, el final del sueño nocturno y los comportamientos sedentarios, que podrían explicar las relaciones encontradas en estudios previos entre actividad física y sueño. Se observaron efectos directos entre el inicio, la duración y la eficiencia del sueño nocturno sobre los comportamientos sedentarios. La actividad física moderada-vigorosa no se relacionó con ninguna variable de sueño nocturno. Conclusiones: No se puede aceptar la hipótesis de que existen relaciones bidireccionales/recíprocas, entre la actividad física y el sueño.

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          Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root

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            Calibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children.

            A calibration study was conducted to determine the threshold counts for two commonly used accelerometers, the ActiGraph and the Actical, to classify activities by intensity in children 5 to 8 years of age. Thirty-three children wore both accelerometers and a COSMED portable metabolic system during 15 min of rest and then performed up to nine different activities for 7 min each, on two separate days in the laboratory. Oxygen consumption was measured on a breath-by-breath basis, and accelerometer data were collected in 15-s epochs. Using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, cutpoints that maximised both sensitivity and specificity were determined for sedentary, moderate and vigorous activities. For both accelerometers, discrimination of sedentary behaviour was almost perfect, with the area under the ROC curve at or exceeding 0.98. For both the ActiGraph and Actical, the discrimination of moderate (0.85 and 0.86, respectively) and vigorous activity (0.83 and 0.86, respectively) was acceptable, but not as precise as for sedentary behaviour. This calibration study, using indirect calorimetry, suggests that the two accelerometers can be used to distinguish differing levels of physical activity intensity as well as inactivity among children 5 to 8 years of age.
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              Circadian typology: a comprehensive review.

              The interest in the systematic study of the circadian typology (CT) is relatively recent and has developed rapidly in the two last decades. All the existing data suggest that this individual difference affects our biological and psychological functioning, not only in health, but also in disease. In the present study, we review the current literature concerning the psychometric properties and validity of CT measures as well as individual, environmental and genetic factors that influence the CT. We present a brief overview of the biological markers that are used to define differences between CT groups (sleep-wake cycle, body temperature, cortisol and melatonin), and we assess the implications for CT and adjustment to shiftwork and jet lag. We also review the differences between CT in terms of cognitive abilities, personality traits and the incidence of psychiatric disorders. When necessary, we have emphasized the methodological limitations that exist today and suggested some future avenues of work in order to overcome these. This is a new field of interest to professionals in many different areas (research, labor, academic and clinical), and this review provides a state of the art discussion to allow professionals to integrate chronobiological aspects of human behavior into their daily practice.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                psicothema
                Psicothema
                Psicothema
                Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos del Principado de Asturias (Oviedo, Asturias, Spain )
                0214-9915
                1886-144X
                2023
                : 35
                : 2
                : 170-177
                Affiliations
                [1] Asturias orgnameUniversidad de Oviedo Spain
                Article
                S1886-144X2023000200007 S1886-144X(23)03500200007
                10.7334/psicothema2022.199
                6dce6153-c396-4abb-b0a9-f657d2be645d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 July 2022
                : 22 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 52, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Articles

                Physical activity,sleep,vector autoregressive model,Actividad física,sueño,modelo vectorial autorregresivo

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