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      Computer tomographic imaging in 4 dogs with primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor and differing cellular phenotype

      case-report

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          Abstract

          Primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) without genital affection is uncommon. The aim of this report was to describe the primary nasal CTVT findings and CT staging in 4 dogs with different cytological phenotypes. Three male dogs and 1 bitch were evaluated for their chronic histories of sneezing, snoring, mucopurulent nasal discharge and nasal deformation. Cytological examination of nasal secretions suggested CTVT, confirmed by histopathological examination and LINE‐1/c‐myc. Males had the plasmacytoid phenotype of CTVT, and the bitch had the lymphocytoid phenotype. CTVT were staged based on the CT findings using modified Adams staging system. The bitch was classified as stage 1, 2 males were classified as stage 3 and 1 male as stage 4. All dogs had a complete tumoral remission after chemotherapy. Plasmacytoid phenotype was identified in cases with most important damage of the nasal cavity. However, the cytological type did not affect the response to chemotherapy.

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          Most cited references28

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          Canine transmissible venereal tumour: a review.

          Canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a contagious venereal tumour of dogs, commonly observed in dogs that are in close contact with one another, or in stray and wild dogs that exhibit unrestrained sexual activity. CTVT represents a unique, naturally transmissible, contagious tumour, where the mutated tumour cell itself is the causative agent and perpetuates as a parasitic allograft in the host. Clinical history, signalment and cytological features are often obvious for establishing a diagnosis though biopsy and histological examination may be needed in atypical cases. Most cases are curable with three intravenous injections of vincristine sulphate at weekly intervals. The role of stray and wild dogs makes the disease difficult to control and necessitates sustained animal birth control in stray dogs along with prompt therapy of the affected dogs. This review captures the manifold developments in different areas embracing this fascinating tumour, including its biology, diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives.
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            Prognostic significance of tumor histology and computed tomographic staging for radiation treatment response of canine nasal tumors.

            Prognostic significance of tumor histology and four computed tomography (CT) staging methods was tested retrospectively in dogs from three treatment centers that underwent intent-to-cure-radiotherapy for intranasal neoplasia. Disease-free and overall survival times were available for 94 dogs. A grouping of anaplastic, squamous cell, and undifferentiated carcinomas had a significantly shorter median disease-free survival (4.4 mo) than a grouping of all sarcomas (10.6 months). Disease-free survivals were not significantly different, when all carcinomas were compared with all sarcomas. The published original and modified WHO staging methods did not significantly relate to either survival endpoint. A modified human maxillary tumor staging system previously applied to canine nasal tumors was prognostically significant for both survival endpoints; a further modified version of that CT-based staging system resulted in improved significance for both survival endpoints. Dogs with unilateral intranasal involvement without bone destruction beyond the turbinates on CT, had longest median survival (23.4 months); CT evidence of cribriform plate involvement was associated with shortest median survival (6.7 months). Combining CT and histology statistically improved prognostic significance for both survival endpoints over the proposed CT staging method alone. Significance was lost when CT stages were collapsed to < four categories or histopathology groupings were collapsed to < three categories.
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              Evaluation of factors associated with survival in dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas: 139 cases (1993-2003).

              To evaluate factors associated with survival in dogs with nasal carcinomas that did not receive treatment or received only palliative treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                javierojeda@uach.cl
                Journal
                J Vet Intern Med
                J. Vet. Intern. Med
                10.1111/(ISSN)1939-1676
                JVIM
                Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                0891-6640
                1939-1676
                31 March 2018
                May-Jun 2018
                : 32
                : 3 ( doiID: 10.1111/jvim.2018.32.issue-3 )
                : 1172-1177
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Veterinary Clinical Science Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
                [ 2 ] Department of Animal Pathology Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence Javier Ojeda, Veterinary Clinical Science, Veterinary Science Faculty, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. Email: javierojeda@ 123456uach.cl
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5295-6862
                Article
                JVIM15125
                10.1111/jvim.15125
                5980456
                29604101
                6ddf5120-adb7-4d79-b387-8c61182ca9e6
                Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 02 November 2016
                : 09 January 2018
                : 01 March 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 4, Tables: 0, Pages: 6, Words: 3952
                Categories
                Case Report
                SMALL ANIMAL
                Case Reports
                Oncology
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                jvim15125
                May/June 2018
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:version=5.4.0 mode:remove_FC converted:31.05.2018

                Veterinary medicine
                ctvt,cytology,dogs,nasal tumor
                Veterinary medicine
                ctvt, cytology, dogs, nasal tumor

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