Objective: To explore the relationship between multi-dimensional life satisfaction and depression among children using an individual-centered method and to provide evidences for intervention on depression in children.
Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey among all grade 4 pupils ( n = 4 009) recruited in 36 elementary schools in a district of Baoding city, Hebei province in 2016. Chinese Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale and Childhood Depression Inventory were used to assess life satisfaction and depression in the children.
Results: All dimensions of life satisfaction (family, friend, school, residence, and self-concept) were associated with depression among the children ( r = – 0.21 – – 0.30). Latent profile analysis indicated that the 4 class model fitted the data best. The 4 profiles were high life satisfaction (profile 1), low school life satisfaction (profile 2), low family life satisfaction (profile 3) and low life satisfaction (profile 4). And these profiles were significant associated with depression among the children. The rank for the effect of the profiles on depression level was profile 4 (18.02 ± 0.54) > profile 2 (14.94 ± 0.49) > profile 3 (13.57 ± 0.43) > profile 1 (10.50 ± 0.11).
Conclusion: There is a significant individual difference in the multidimensional life satisfaction and the individual difference is associated depression significantly among the children.
［摘 要］ 目的 使用个体为中心的方法考察儿童生活满意度不同剖面与抑郁之间的关系, 为儿童抑郁的干预提供 依据。 方法 采用中国学生多维生活满意度量表简版、儿童抑郁量表于2016 年对河北省保定市4 009 名儿童进行问 卷调查。 结果 儿童多维度的生活满意度 (家庭、朋友、学校、居住、自我) 均与其抑郁程度呈显著负相关 ( r = – 0.21～– 0.30), 对于生活满意度的潜在剖面分析结果显示, 4 类别模型拟合最佳, 4 个剖面分别为高满意度 (5 个 维度均比较高) 、低学校生活满意度 (学校维度得分较低) 、低家庭生活满意度 (家庭维度得分较低) 和低满意度 (5 个维度的均较低), 结果显示, 4 个剖面中儿童的抑郁程度排序为低满意度 (18.02 ± 0.54) > 低学校生活满意度 (14.94 ± 0.49) > 低家庭生活满意度 (13.57 ± 0.43) > 高满意度 (10.50 ± 0.11) 。 结论 儿童在不同维度的生活满意度上 表现出了明显的个体差异, 并且这种差异性与儿童的抑郁明显相关。